Polito Francesco, Huang Gan, Markides Christos N
Clean Energy Processes (CEP) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jan;12(3):e2408057. doi: 10.1002/advs.202408057. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
The installation of common solar panels and collectors in the built environment requires access to significant roof space, which is limited. This motivates the development of high-efficiency, building-integrated technologies that can maximize space utilization and energy provision. In this work, a building-integrated hybrid photovoltaic-thermal window (PVTW) is fabricated and tested, composed of a semi-transparent photovoltaic (PV) layer and a selectively absorptive liquid-based thermal absorber. It is demonstrated that, at 30° inclination, the PVTW can simultaneously generate electricity, with an electrical efficiency of 3.6%, and provide ≈50 °C water, with a thermal efficiency of 10.7%, in the middle of a typical summer day (20th July) in London (maximum ambient temperature ≈34 °C, solar irradiance ≈1100 W m at midday). The water temperature decreases by ≈7 °C, whilst thermal efficiency improves to 17.6% as the inclination angle increases to 90° (vertical); the electrical efficiency reduces marginally (3.3%). Compared to a liquid-based solar-thermal window (STW), the PVTW can generate hot water at ≈10 °C higher temperature and with 10% absolute increase in thermal efficiency when the inclination angle is 60°, plus electricity. The wider uptake of this technology in glass-based urban spaces has the potential to generate significant energy while reducing building temperature management costs.
在建筑环境中安装普通太阳能板和集热器需要大量屋顶空间，而屋顶空间是有限的。这推动了高效的建筑一体化技术的发展，这类技术能够最大限度地提高空间利用率并提供能源。在这项工作中，制作并测试了一种建筑一体化混合光伏-热窗（PVTW），它由一个半透明光伏（PV）层和一个选择性吸收的液基热吸收器组成。结果表明，在倾斜30°时，在伦敦一个典型夏日（7月20日）的中午（最高环境温度约34°C，太阳辐照度约1100 W/m²），PVTW能够同时发电，电效率为3.6%，并提供约50°C的水，热效率为10.7%。当倾斜角度增加到90°（垂直）时，水温下降约7°C，而热效率提高到17.6%；电效率略有降低（3.3%）。与液基太阳能热窗（STW）相比，当倾斜角度为60°时，PVTW能够产生温度约高10°C的热水，热效率绝对提高10%，同时还能发电。这种技术在基于玻璃的城市空间中更广泛地应用，有潜力在降低建筑温度管理成本的同时产生大量能源。
