Gouia Imène, Joulain Florence, Zhang Yi, Morgan Christopher Ll, Khan Asif H
Health Economics and Value Assessment, Sanofi, Gentilly, France.
Medical Affairs, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA.
J Asthma Allergy. 2024 Nov 20;17:1197-1205. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S452741. eCollection 2024.
Global prevalence of pediatric asthma and associated morbidity and mortality has continuously increased. Asthma is the most common chronic illness in children in the UK; however, recent epidemiology data are lacking. This analysis describes the overall prevalence and burden of illness of asthma in children.
This was a retrospective, longitudinal, database analysis using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database. Primary care records of 19,330 patients (6-11 years) between January 1 and December 31, 2017, were analyzed. Asthma prevalence was assessed by severity (as described by Global Initiative for Asthma 2017 guidelines), and symptoms, comorbidities, and treatments were compared between asthma patients and matched non-asthmatic controls. Results are presented descriptively; logistic regression analyses were performed for asthma symptoms.
The estimated prevalence of pediatric asthma was 6.5% (95% CI: 6.4-6.5) in the UK (mild: 74.2%; moderate: 15.0%; severe: 10.8%). All patients with moderate or severe asthma and 72.5% of patients with mild asthma were prescribed drug therapy. Most patients with moderate or severe asthma were prescribed a short-acting β2-agonist (94.9% and 96.0%, respectively), compared with 69.2% of mild asthma patients. Daytime symptoms were reported by 78.1% in those with severe asthma; 34.9% reported night-time symptoms and 30.8% reported an impact on usual activities. Asthma patients had a higher baseline prevalence of comorbidities compared with non-asthmatic controls, notably atopic dermatitis (47.8% in severe asthma versus 20.8% in controls) and allergic rhinitis (13.3% in severe asthma versus 2.0% in controls).
This analysis confirmed that asthma remains a common morbidity among children in the UK. Increasing asthma severity was associated with worsening symptoms, and asthma patients had significantly more comorbidities compared with non-asthmatic controls.
全球儿童哮喘的患病率以及相关的发病率和死亡率持续上升。哮喘是英国儿童中最常见的慢性病；然而，目前缺乏最新的流行病学数据。本分析描述了儿童哮喘的总体患病率和疾病负担。
这是一项使用临床实践研究数据链数据库进行的回顾性纵向数据库分析。分析了2017年1月1日至12月31日期间19330名6至11岁患者的初级保健记录。根据哮喘严重程度（按照2017年全球哮喘防治创议指南描述）评估哮喘患病率，并比较哮喘患者与匹配的非哮喘对照之间的症状、合并症和治疗情况。结果以描述性方式呈现；对哮喘症状进行了逻辑回归分析。
英国儿童哮喘的估计患病率为6.5%（95%置信区间：6.4 - 6.5）（轻度：74.2%；中度：15.0%；重度：10.8%）。所有中度或重度哮喘患者以及72.5%的轻度哮喘患者都接受了药物治疗。大多数中度或重度哮喘患者被开具了短效β2激动剂（分别为94.9%和96.），而轻度哮喘患者中这一比例为69.2%。重度哮喘患者中有78.1%报告有日间症状；34.9%报告有夜间症状，30.8%报告对日常活动有影响。与非哮喘对照相比，哮喘患者合并症的基线患病率更高，尤其是特应性皮炎（重度哮喘患者中为47.8%，对照中为20.8%）和过敏性鼻炎（重度哮喘患者中为13.3%，对照中为2.0%）。
本分析证实哮喘在英国儿童中仍然是一种常见的疾病。哮喘严重程度增加与症状恶化相关，并且与非哮喘对照相比，哮喘患者的合并症明显更多。
