Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea.
Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2024 Nov 21;19:12257-12286. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S480592. eCollection 2024.
Bio-based synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has garnered much attention in recent times owing to their non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective nature.
In this study, gold nanoparticles (S4-GoNPs) were synthesized by a simple and environmentally friendly technique using an aqueous extract of jamun leaves (JLE) as an effective capping, stabilizer, and reducing agent. JLE was screened for the presence of phytochemicals followed by synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of their antibacterial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and photocatalytic degradation potentials using standard established procedures.
The phytochemical profile of JLE was found to be rich in flavonoids, tannins, terpenoid phenols, anthraquinones, and cardiac glycosides. Its GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of compounds majorly of them as the (1R)-2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene (5.141%), 2(10)-pinene (4.119%), α-cyclopene (5.274%) α,α-muurolene (7.525%), naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-(1.alpha.,4a.beta.,8a.alpha) (8.470%), delta-cadinene (23.246), α-guajene (3.451%), and gamma-muurolene (4.379%). The visual morphology and UV-Vis spectral surface plasmon resonance at 538 nm confirmed the successful synthesis of S4-GoNPs. The average particle size was determined as 120.5 nm with Pdi = 0.152, and -27.6 mV zeta potential. Using the Scherrer equation, the average crystallite size was calculated as 35.69 nm. S4-GoNPs displayed significant antidiabetic properties, with 40.67% of α-amylase and 91.33% of α-glucosidase inhibition activity. It also exhibited promising antioxidant potential in terms of the DPPH (91.56%) ABTS (76.59%) scavenging. It displayed 31.04% tyrosinase inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL. Moreover, it also demonstrated encouraging antibacterial effects with zones of inhibition ranging from 11.02 - 14.12 mm as compared to 10.55-16.24 mm by the reference streptomycin (at 0.01 mg/disc). In addition, S4-GoNPs also showed potential for the photocatalytic degradation of the industrial dye, methylene blue.
In conclusion, these results suggest the promising applicability of green-synthesized S4-GoNPs in various sectors, including the biomedical, cosmetic, food, and environmental waste management industries.
由于生物基纳米粒子具有无毒、环保和经济高效的特点，因此最近受到了广泛关注。
本研究采用简单环保的技术，利用印度黑李叶（JLE）的水提物作为有效稳定剂、稳定剂和还原剂，合成了金纳米粒子（S4-GoNPs）。对 JLE 进行了植物化学成分筛选，然后通过标准建立的程序对其抗菌、抗糖尿病、抗氧化和光催化降解潜力进行了合成、表征和评价。
JLE 的植物化学成分分析结果表明，它富含类黄酮、单宁、萜类酚类、蒽醌类和强心苷类化合物。其 GC-MS 分析表明，主要存在的化合物为（1R）-2,6,6-三甲基双环[3.1.1]庚-2-烯（5.141%）、2（10）-蒎烯（4.119%）、α-环丙烯（5.274%）、α,α-粘烯（7.525%）、萘、1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-八氢-7-甲基-4-亚甲基-1-（1-甲基乙基）-（1.alpha.,4a.beta.,8a.alpha）（8.470%）、δ-杜松烯（23.246%）、α-愈创木烯（3.451%）和γ-粘烯（4.379%）。视觉形态和 538nm 的紫外可见光谱表面等离子体共振证实了 S4-GoNPs 的成功合成。平均粒径为 120.5nm，Pdi = 0.152，-27.6mV zeta 电位。使用谢勒方程计算出平均晶粒尺寸为 35.69nm。S4-GoNPs 表现出显著的抗糖尿病特性，对α-淀粉酶的抑制率为 40.67%，对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率为 91.33%。它在 DPPH（91.56%）ABTS（76.59%）清除方面也表现出有前途的抗氧化潜力。在 0.1mg/mL 时，它对酪氨酸酶的抑制率为 31.04%。此外，与参考链霉素（在 0.01mg/disc 时为 10.55-16.24mm）相比，它还表现出令人鼓舞的抗菌作用，抑菌圈直径范围为 11.02-14.12mm。此外，S4-GoNPs 还显示出在光催化降解工业染料亚甲基蓝方面的潜力。
总之，这些结果表明，绿色合成的 S4-GoNPs 在生物医学、化妆品、食品和环境废物管理等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
