Asante Ernest, Carter Gillian, McAneney Helen, Bam Victoria, Sarfo-Kantanka Osei, Prue Gillian
Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Sci Diabetes Self Manag Care. 2025 Feb;51(1):85-99. doi: 10.1177/26350106241293113. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
The purpose of the study was to test the effectiveness of a nurse-led mobile phone intervention (NMPI) on glycemic variability and self-management among people living with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Ghana.
In this randomized controlled trial, the intervention group received a 3-month NMPI program plus standard care, and the control group received standard care alone in a tertiary health care setting. Ninety-eight participants (baseline A1C > 7%) were randomized 1:1 to either NMPI or standard care group. The primary study outcomes were changes in A1C testing and self-management assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities tool at baseline and end of the study.
The intervention group had statistically significant improvement in their mean A1C level from baseline to the end of the study. In comparison, the control group also had improvement in their mean A1C level but was not statistically significant. Consistently, the intervention participants had better statistically significant improvements in self-management behaviors than the control group. There was a medium, negative correlation between A1C changes and overall self-care changes for the intervention group, whereas that of the control group was smaller.
Study findings have shown that a tailored NMPI program in addition to standard care could improve glycemic variability and self-management among people living with poorly managed T2DM in Ghana better than standard care alone.
本研究旨在测试由护士主导的手机干预措施（NMPI）对加纳2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血糖变异性和自我管理的有效性。
在这项随机对照试验中，干预组接受为期3个月的NMPI计划加标准护理，对照组在三级医疗保健机构仅接受标准护理。98名参与者（基线糖化血红蛋白>7%）按1:1随机分为NMPI组或标准护理组。主要研究结局是在基线和研究结束时使用糖尿病自我护理活动总结工具评估的糖化血红蛋白检测和自我管理的变化。
从基线到研究结束，干预组的平均糖化血红蛋白水平有统计学意义的改善。相比之下，对照组的平均糖化血红蛋白水平也有所改善，但无统计学意义。一致地，干预组参与者在自我管理行为方面的改善比对照组有更好的统计学意义。干预组糖化血红蛋白变化与总体自我护理变化之间存在中等程度的负相关，而对照组的相关性较小。
研究结果表明，除标准护理外，量身定制的NMPI计划比单独的标准护理能更好地改善加纳管理不善的T2DM患者的血糖变异性和自我管理。
