Espadas-Calzado Elena, Esteban-Burgos Ana Alejandra, Capilla-Díaz Concepción, Puente-Fernández Daniel, Martí-García Celia, Montoya-Juárez Rafael
Hospital de Bellvigte, Passeig Carrer de la Feixa Llarga, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
West J Nurs Res. 2025 Jan;47(1):47-54. doi: 10.1177/01939459241302568. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
As the population ages, the demand for social and health systems grows, especially due to chronic diseases and dependency. Informal caregivers, particularly women, face significant burdens including physical, emotional, and financial strain. Current caregiving assessment tools focus on those already in caregiving roles or health professionals, with no tools for the general population without prior caregiving experience.
This study aimed to develop and validate the Spanish COMCAPCARE scale, which assesses the skills and abilities necessary to care for dependent individuals, including those nearing the end of life, among individuals without prior caregiving experience.
A scale validation study was conducted. A Delphi panel of 13 experts developed an 18-item scale, which was administered to 253 participants over the age of 18 who had not previously served as primary caregivers. Main measurements were psychometric analyses, including principal components analysis (PCA) and reliability testing using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient. Correlation with a single-item self-assessment of caregiving competence was verified through Spearman's rho.
A total of 253 participants (73.9% women) with a mean age of 33 years (SD 13.7) participated. The scale identified 3 factors: financial and work situation (4 items), adaptability (8 items), and care and communication (6 items). The total scale demonstrated high reliability (α = 0.84) and significant correlations between the scale's total score and a single-item self-assessment of caregiving competence ( = 0.693, < .001).
The Spanish COMCAPCARE scale provides a reliable and valid tool for assessing caregiving competencies in the general population without caregiving experience.
随着人口老龄化，社会和卫生系统的需求不断增长，尤其是由于慢性病和生活不能自理的情况。非正式照料者，尤其是女性，面临着巨大的负担，包括身体、情感和经济压力。目前的照料评估工具主要针对已经承担照料角色的人或卫生专业人员，没有针对没有照料经验的普通人群的工具。
本研究旨在开发和验证西班牙文版的COMCAPCARE量表，该量表用于评估在没有照料经验的人群中，照料生活不能自理者（包括临终者）所需的技能和能力。
进行了一项量表验证研究。由13名专家组成的德尔菲小组制定了一个包含18个条目的量表，并将其施用于253名年龄在18岁以上、此前未曾担任过主要照料者的参与者。主要测量方法为心理测量分析，包括主成分分析（PCA）以及使用克朗巴赫α系数和组内相关系数进行的信度测试。通过斯皮尔曼等级相关系数验证该量表与单项照料能力自我评估之间的相关性。
共有253名参与者（73.9%为女性），平均年龄33岁（标准差13.7）。该量表确定了3个因素：财务和工作状况（4个条目）、适应性（8个条目）以及照料和沟通（6个条目）。总量表显示出高信度（α = 0.84），且量表总分与单项照料能力自我评估之间存在显著相关性（ = 0.693， <.001）。
西班牙文版的COMCAPCARE量表为评估没有照料经验的普通人群的照料能力提供了一个可靠且有效的工具。
