Bakas T, Champion V
Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis 46202-5107, USA.
Nurs Res. 1999 Sep-Oct;48(5):250-9. doi: 10.1097/00006199-199909000-00005.
Family caregivers of stroke survivors experience more depression, emotional problems, social inactivity, and general ill-health than noncaregiving individuals. While a number of instruments measure these variables in family caregivers, they are often too global, indicating the need for a situation-specific instrument measuring life changes resulting from providing care.
To develop and psychometrically test the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS) measuring changes in family caregiving outcomes in the stroke population.
48 items were developed, with 27 being judged as content valid by a panel of five experts. Psychometric testing with two convenience samples of family caregivers of stroke survivors (ns = 92, 104) was conducted using item analysis, Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression.
Item analysis in sample no. 1 resulted in a 12-item scale with alpha = .90. The scale was further shortened to a 10-item scale in sample no. 2 with alpha = .77. Unidimensionality was supported by factor analysis in both samples. Using hierarchical multiple regression, 63% of the variance of the 12-item BCOS in sample no. 1, and 45% of the variance of the 10-item BCOS in sample no. 2 was accounted for by the constructs in the conceptual model. Criterion-related validity was supported in both samples by significant correlations with the LIFE-3 and a criterion variable with the same response format as the BCOS. Significant BCOS correlations with the SF-36 Health Survey subscales in sample no. 2 provided further evidence of criterion-related validity.
The 10-item BCOS is a brief, easy to administer instrument that has evidence of reliability and validity in family caregivers of stroke survivors. The 10-item BCOS could serve as a valuable measure in research, as well as an assessment tool to identify family caregivers in need of intervention.
与非照料者相比，中风幸存者的家庭照料者更容易出现抑郁、情绪问题、社交活动减少以及总体健康状况不佳的情况。虽然有多种工具可用于测量家庭照料者的这些变量，但它们往往过于笼统，这表明需要一种针对特定情况的工具来测量因提供照料而导致的生活变化。
开发并进行心理测量学测试巴卡斯照料结果量表（BCOS），以测量中风患者家庭照料结果的变化。
编制了48个条目，其中27个被由五名专家组成的小组判定为内容有效。对中风幸存者家庭照料者的两个便利样本（n分别为92和104）进行心理测量学测试，采用项目分析、克朗巴哈α系数、因子分析和分层多元回归。
样本1的项目分析得出一个12个条目的量表，α系数为0.90。在样本2中，该量表进一步缩短为一个10个条目的量表，α系数为0.77。两个样本的因子分析均支持单维度性。使用分层多元回归，样本1中12个条目BCOS的63%的方差以及样本2中10个条目BCOS的45%的方差可由概念模型中的构念解释。两个样本中与LIFE-3以及与BCOS具有相同反应格式的一个标准变量的显著相关性支持了与标准相关的效度。样本2中BCOS与SF-36健康调查分量表的显著相关性进一步提供了与标准相关效度的证据。
10个条目的BCOS是一种简短、易于实施的工具，在中风幸存者家庭照料者中具有可靠性和效度的证据。10个条目的BCOS可作为研究中的一种有价值的测量工具，以及识别需要干预的家庭照料者的评估工具。
