Pham Hy, Spaniol Frank
Department of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Nov 6;12(11):302. doi: 10.3390/sports12110302.
(1) Background: The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in athletes and to comprehensively review the effectiveness and the results of these medications as it relates to injury management, training response, and overall sport performance. (2) Methods: An electronic literature search was performed in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. A total of 7 randomized controlled studies met the review's specific inclusion criteria from the 2250 studies initially identified within the PubMed database. (3) Results: In total, 346 adult female and male athletes from a variety of sporting activities and fitness levels were observed, of which 175 athletes were treated with either oral, topical, or local muscular infusion of an NSAID. Depending on study design, the outcomes focused on results obtained through physical exam findings, questionnaires, various performance metrics, and direct tissue sampling from microdialysis or biopsies. Across the 7 total studies, 2 articles focused on injured athletes and their varying pain responses with NSAIDs; 2 studies assessed the limited impact of NSAIDs on performance; and 3 articles revealed the use of NSAIDs correlating to no increases in either collagen synthesis or satellite cell activity after exercise. (4) Conclusions: The systematic review affirmed that NSAIDs can be effective for managing acute pain. However, their value appears to diminish when treating chronic injuries or if NSAIDs are expected to improve performance or have other ergogenic effects in athletes, as the aggregate data did not support such benefits. (5) Practical applications: NSAIDs can be beneficial for athletes in the right situation, but the fact that there are risks and possible disadvantageous results with their use highlights the importance of promoting appropriate expectations and the judicious use of these medications with the athletic community.
(1) 背景：本系统评价的目的是调查非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）在运动员中的普遍使用情况，并全面综述这些药物在损伤管理、训练反应和整体运动表现方面的有效性及结果。(2) 方法：根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方案的建议和指南进行电子文献检索。在最初在PubMed数据库中识别的2250项研究中，共有7项随机对照研究符合该评价的特定纳入标准。(3) 结果：总共观察了346名来自各种体育活动和健身水平的成年男女运动员，其中175名运动员接受了口服、局部外用或局部肌肉注射非甾体抗炎药的治疗。根据研究设计，结果集中在通过体格检查结果、问卷、各种性能指标以及微透析或活检的直接组织采样获得的结果上。在总共7项研究中，2篇文章关注受伤运动员及其对非甾体抗炎药的不同疼痛反应；2项研究评估了非甾体抗炎药对运动表现的有限影响；3篇文章表明，运动后使用非甾体抗炎药与胶原蛋白合成或卫星细胞活性的增加无关。(4) 结论：该系统评价证实，非甾体抗炎药可有效管理急性疼痛。然而，当治疗慢性损伤时，或者如果预期非甾体抗炎药能提高运动员的表现或具有其他促力效应时，其价值似乎会降低，因为汇总数据不支持这些益处。(5) 实际应用：在适当的情况下，非甾体抗炎药对运动员可能有益，但使用这些药物存在风险和可能的不利结果这一事实凸显了在体育界促进合理期望和明智使用这些药物的重要性。
