Chen Jinghui, Ge Weiben, Wang Pei, Lv Wenping, Wang Hongxin
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Dec;283(Pt 4):138057. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138057. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
In this study, the effects of microwave, ultrasound, ultrasound-microwave synergy, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-200 on the chia seed mucilage's (CSM) structural, thermal, and functional properties have been evaluated by modern spectroscopic techniques, crystal diffraction, and thermal analyses. The results showed that CSM, extracted by PEG-200 aqueous solution has the largest particles (1120-1231 μm), and the smallest size (44.06-317.19 μm) has been observed in microwave extraction. Furthermore, microwave exposure seems to impact the primary structure of CSM profoundly, evidenced by shifts and changes in spectroscopy under high-frequency microwave conditions. However, the incorporation of ultrasound significantly mitigates microwave's effect on the particle size, structural characteristics, coloration, and thermal stability of CSM. Interestingly, the exclusive use of PEG-200 in extraction results in a notably decreased absorption at 280 nm in the UV-vis spectrum, suggesting the near-complete exclusion of nucleic acids and proteins. CSM extracted by PEG-200 aqueous solution exhibits the highest enthalpy value (199.960 ± 2.920 J/g), glass transition temperature (200.449 ± 1.118 °C), the most abundant monosaccharide composition, and the highest molecular weight (3,456,558 Da), far exceeding the reported values in literature. In vitro bioactivity demonstrates that CSM extracted through the synergistic use of ultrasound and microwave exhibits the strongest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities, while CSM extracted with PEG-200 performs exceptionally well in iron ion chelating capacity. This study introduces a novel approach to CSM extraction by innovatively employing the green solvent PEG-200 and broadening the application of ultrasound-microwave synergistic technology in the extraction of plant polysaccharides.
在本研究中，通过现代光谱技术、晶体衍射和热分析，评估了微波、超声、超声 - 微波协同作用以及聚乙二醇（PEG）-200对奇亚籽黏液（CSM）的结构、热性能和功能特性的影响。结果表明，用PEG - 200水溶液提取的CSM颗粒最大（1120 - 1231μm），而在微波提取中观察到的尺寸最小（44.06 - 317.19μm）。此外，微波照射似乎对CSM的一级结构有深远影响，高频微波条件下光谱的变化和位移证明了这一点。然而，超声的加入显著减轻了微波对CSM粒径、结构特征、色泽和热稳定性的影响。有趣的是，在提取过程中单独使用PEG - 200导致紫外 - 可见光谱中280nm处的吸收显著降低，这表明核酸和蛋白质几乎完全被排除。用PEG - 200水溶液提取的CSM表现出最高的焓值（199.960±2.920J/g）、玻璃化转变温度（200.449±1.118°C）、最丰富的单糖组成和最高的分子量（3,456,558Da），远远超过文献报道的值。体外生物活性表明，通过超声和微波协同使用提取的CSM表现出最强的DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力，而用PEG - 200提取的CSM在铁离子螯合能力方面表现出色。本研究通过创新性地使用绿色溶剂PEG - 200并拓宽超声 - 微波协同技术在植物多糖提取中的应用，引入了一种提取CSM的新方法。
