Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia.
Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia.
Cells. 2024 Nov 19;13(22):1917. doi: 10.3390/cells13221917.
Melanoma is a malignant, highly metastatic neoplasm showing increasing morbidity and mortality. Tumor invasion and angiogenesis are based on remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Selective inhibition of functional components of cell-ECM interaction, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and integrins, may inhibit tumor progression and enhance the efficacy of combination treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. In this review, we combine the results of different approaches targeting extracellular matrix elements in melanoma in preclinical and clinical studies. The identified limitations of many approaches, including side effects, low selectivity, and toxicity, indicate the need for further studies to optimize therapy. Nevertheless, significant progress in expanding our understanding of tumor biology and the development of targeted therapies holds great promise for the early approaches developed several decades ago to inhibit metastasis through ECM targeting.
黑色素瘤是一种恶性、高度转移性肿瘤，发病率和死亡率不断上升。肿瘤的侵袭和血管生成是基于细胞外基质（ECM）的重塑。选择性抑制细胞-ECM 相互作用的功能性成分，如透明质酸（HA）、基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）和整合素，可能抑制肿瘤的进展，并增强与免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）、化疗或免疫治疗联合治疗的疗效。在这篇综述中，我们结合了黑色素瘤临床前和临床研究中针对细胞外基质成分的不同方法的结果。许多方法的局限性已被确定，包括副作用、低选择性和毒性，这表明需要进一步研究以优化治疗。然而，在扩大我们对肿瘤生物学的理解和开发靶向治疗方面取得了重大进展，这为几十年前开发的通过 ECM 靶向抑制转移的早期方法带来了很大的希望。
