Maggio Maria Grazia, Bonanno Mirjam, Manuli Alfredo, De Luca Rosaria, Di Lorenzo Giuseppe, Quartarone Angelo, Calabrò Rocco Salvatore
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, 98124 Messina, Italy.
A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Oct 23;12(11):2426. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12112426.
: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that requires comprehensive and personalized rehabilitation. This retrospective study focused primarily on the usability and patient acceptability of the innovative pathway. In addition, the secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized and multidisciplinary rehabilitation pathway on cognitive function, especially executive functions. We conducted a retrospective study on 80 patients with PD (Hoehn and Yahr scores 1-3). Patients were divided into an experimental group (EG), which received the innovative pathway, and a control group (CG), which received traditional therapy. The rehabilitation program included three phases: initial outpatient assessment, a two-month inpatient program, and a telerehabilitation phase in a day hospital (DH) or home environment. Interventions combined traditional therapies with treatments based on robotic and virtual reality. Cognitive assessments (Mini Mental State Examination-MMSE-and frontal assessment battery-FAB), mood (Hamilton Rating Scale-Depression-HRS-D), anxiety (HRS-Anxiety-HRS-A), and goals achievement (GAS) were the primary outcome measures. : At baseline, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, gender, education, or test scores. After rehabilitation, EG showed significant improvements in all measures ( < 0.001), particularly in cognitive tests and goal achievement. CG improved in GAS ( < 0.001) and mood (HRS-D, = 0.0012), but less than EG. No significant changes were observed in the MMSE of CG ( = 0.23) or FAB ( = 0.003). : This study highlights the high usability and acceptability of VR and robotics in PD rehabilitation, contributing to improved adherence and patient engagement. The experimental group showed greater cognitive benefits, particularly in executive functions. These results are in line with the existing literature on personalized technology-based rehabilitation strategies for PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，需要全面且个性化的康复治疗。这项回顾性研究主要关注创新康复路径的可用性和患者接受度。此外，次要目标是评估个性化多学科康复路径对认知功能，尤其是执行功能的有效性。我们对80例帕金森病患者（霍恩和雅尔分级为1 - 3级）进行了回顾性研究。患者被分为接受创新康复路径的实验组（EG）和接受传统治疗的对照组（CG）。康复计划包括三个阶段：初始门诊评估、为期两个月的住院治疗计划以及日间医院（DH）或家庭环境中的远程康复阶段。干预措施将传统疗法与基于机器人技术和虚拟现实的治疗相结合。认知评估（简易精神状态检查表 - MMSE - 和额叶评估量表 - FAB）、情绪（汉密尔顿抑郁量表 - HRS - D）、焦虑（汉密尔顿焦虑量表 - HRS - A）和目标达成情况（GAS）是主要的结局指标。在基线时，两组在年龄、性别、教育程度或测试分数方面无显著差异。康复后，实验组在所有指标上均有显著改善（<0.001），尤其是在认知测试和目标达成方面。对照组在目标达成情况（<0.001）和情绪（HRS - D，=0.0012）方面有所改善，但不如实验组。对照组的MMSE（=0.23）或FAB（=0.003）未观察到显著变化。这项研究突出了虚拟现实和机器人技术在帕金森病康复中的高可用性和可接受性，有助于提高依从性和患者参与度。实验组显示出更大的认知益处，尤其是在执行功能方面。这些结果与关于基于个性化技术的帕金森病康复策略的现有文献一致。
