Maringhini Silvio, Alaygut Demet, Corrado Ciro
Department of Pediatrics, ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Via Ernesto Tricomi, 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gaziler Street No 1, Izmir 35180, Turkey.
Biomedicines. 2024 Nov 12;12(11):2582. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12112582.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections in children. UTIs may be limited to the bladder or involve the kidneys with possible irreversible damage. Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are often associated with UTIs; kidney scars have been considered a consequence of untreated UTIs but may be congenital. The mechanism by which bacteria produce inflammation in the urinary system has been intensively investigated. Diagnostic tools, including invasive imaging procedures, have been advocated in infants and small children with UTIs but are not necessary in most cases. Effective antibiotic drugs are available, and prophylactic treatment has been questioned. Several guidelines on UTIs are available, but a simple one for general practitioners is needed.
尿路感染（UTIs）是儿童常见的细菌感染。UTIs可能局限于膀胱，也可能累及肾脏并造成可能的不可逆损害。肾脏和尿路的先天性异常（CAKUT）常与UTIs相关；肾瘢痕曾被认为是未治疗的UTIs的后果，但也可能是先天性的。细菌在泌尿系统中引发炎症的机制已得到深入研究。对于患有UTIs的婴幼儿，有人主张使用包括侵入性成像程序在内的诊断工具，但在大多数情况下并非必要。有有效的抗生素药物可用，预防性治疗也受到质疑。关于UTIs有若干指南，但需要一个面向全科医生的简易指南。
