Potiris Anastasios, Stavros Sofoklis, Zouganeli Ioanna, Machairiotis Nikolaos, Drakaki Eirini, Zikopoulos Athanasios, Anagnostaki Ismini, Zachariou Athanasios, Gerede Angeliki, Domali Ekaterini, Drakakis Peter
Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece.
First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece.
Biomedicines. 2024 Nov 15;12(11):2618. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12112618.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Embryo implantation is a highly complex process that requires the precise regulation of numerous molecules to be orchestrated successfully. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play a crucial role in the regulation of embryo implantation. This article aims to summarize the key findings of the literature regarding the role of miRNAs in human embryo implantation, emphasizing their involvement in critical stages such as decidualization, endometrial receptivity and trophoblast adhesion.
This review includes primary research articles from the past decade. The studies utilize a range of experimental methodologies, including gene expression analysis and in vitro studies.
MicroRNAs, like miR-320a, miR-149, and miR30d secreted by preimplantation embryos and blastocysts significantly influence endometrial receptivity by promoting essential cellular processes, such as cell migration and trophoblast cell attachment, while others-miR17-5p, miR-193-3p, miR-372, and miR-542-3p-secreted from the endometrium regulate the decidualization phase. During the apposition and adhesion phases, miRNAs play a complex role by promoting, for example, miR-23b-3p, and inhibiting-as do miR-29c and miR-519d-3p-important biological pathways of these stages. During invasion, miR-26a-5p and miR-125-5p modulate important genes.
This review underscores the critical impact of miRNAs in the regulation of embryo implantation and early pregnancy. The ability of miRNAs to modulate gene expression at various stages of reproduction presents promising therapeutic avenues for improving assisted reproductive technologies outcomes and addressing infertility. Further research into miRNA-based diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies is essential to enhance our understanding of their role in reproductive health and to exploit their potential for clinical applications.
背景/目的：胚胎着床是一个高度复杂的过程，需要精确调控众多分子才能成功完成。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA，可调节基因表达，并在胚胎着床调控中发挥关键作用。本文旨在总结有关miRNA在人类胚胎着床中作用的文献的主要发现，强调它们在蜕膜化、子宫内膜容受性和滋养层黏附等关键阶段的参与情况。
本综述纳入了过去十年的原创研究文章。这些研究采用了一系列实验方法，包括基因表达分析和体外研究。
着床前胚胎和囊胚分泌的miRNA，如miR-320a、miR-149和miR30d，通过促进细胞迁移和滋养层细胞附着等重要细胞过程，显著影响子宫内膜容受性；而子宫内膜分泌的其他miRNA，如miR17-5p、miR-193-3p、miR-372和miR-542-3p，则调节蜕膜化阶段。在附着和黏附阶段，miRNA发挥复杂作用，例如促进miR-23b-3p，以及抑制miR-29c和miR-519d-3p等这些阶段的重要生物学途径。在侵袭过程中，miR-26a-5p和miR-125-5p调节重要基因。
本综述强调了miRNA在胚胎着床和早期妊娠调控中的关键影响。miRNA在生殖各个阶段调节基因表达的能力为改善辅助生殖技术结局和解决不孕症提供了有前景的治疗途径。进一步研究基于miRNA的诊断工具和治疗策略对于增进我们对其在生殖健康中作用的理解以及开发其临床应用潜力至关重要。
