Gaspar Tânia, Sousa Barbara, Alves Elisabete, Coelho Anabela
Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs (HEI-LAB), Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal.
Portuguese Laboratory for Healthy Workplaces, Institute of Environmental Health, Lisbon University, 1400-185 Lisbon, Portugal.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Nov 14;12(22):2277. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12222277.
Health professionals are at high risk of poor mental health and well-being. Faced with this challenge, healthcare organizations must be healthy and safe work environments.
This study aims to take an in-depth, systemic look at whether healthcare organizations are healthy workplaces.
The study involved 2190 participants aged between 19 and 71 (M = 44.73, SD = 10.29) and data were collected in 12 public hospitals between November 2021 and December 2023. The study used the Ecosystems of Healthy Workplaces instrument, which consists of a total of 62 items organized into nine dimensions based on the Healthy Workplaces model proposed by the World Health Organization.
Most dimensions revealed a moderate risk in terms of whether they were healthy work environments, while the dimension that revealed a high risk was related to psychosocial risks at work in relation to well-being and mental health. A total of 87% of the professionals reported at least one symptom of burnout and 61.4% reported having all three symptoms of burnout. Additionally, 25.4% reported having been victims of harassment at work. When comparing the groups, we identified that the higher risk groups were namely women, generation Z and X professionals, doctors (compared to the different professional groups under analysis such as nurses, operational assistants, psychologists, administrators, senior technicians, and managers), professionals with chronic illnesses, and those who reported harassment at work.
We conclude that the work environment must be understood ecologically, by analyzing the different systems and their relationships. This makes it possible to identify priority factors and groups for intervention.
卫生专业人员面临心理健康和幸福感不佳的高风险。面对这一挑战，医疗保健组织必须营造健康安全的工作环境。
本研究旨在深入、系统地审视医疗保健组织是否为健康的工作场所。
该研究涉及2190名年龄在19岁至71岁之间的参与者（M = 44.73，SD = 10.29），于2021年11月至2023年12月期间在12家公立医院收集数据。该研究使用了健康工作场所生态系统工具，该工具共有62个项目，根据世界卫生组织提出的健康工作场所模型分为九个维度。
就其是否为健康的工作环境而言，大多数维度显示出中等风险，而显示出高风险的维度与工作中与幸福感和心理健康相关的社会心理风险有关。共有87%的专业人员报告至少有一种职业倦怠症状，61.4%的人报告有所有三种职业倦怠症状。此外，25.4%的人报告曾在工作中遭受骚扰。在比较各群体时，我们发现高风险群体包括女性、Z世代和X世代专业人员、医生（与分析中的其他不同专业群体如护士、运营助理、心理学家、管理人员、高级技术人员和经理相比）、患有慢性病的专业人员以及报告在工作中遭受骚扰的人员。
我们得出结论，必须通过分析不同系统及其关系，从生态角度理解工作环境。这使得识别干预的优先因素和群体成为可能。
