Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China.
Biomolecules. 2024 Oct 23;14(11):1349. doi: 10.3390/biom14111349.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common respiratory disorder, primarily characterized by two pathological features: chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and sleep deprivation (SD). OSA has been identified as a risk factor for numerous diseases, and the inflammatory response related to programmed cell necrosis is believed to play a significant role in the occurrence and progression of multisystem damage induced by OSA, with increasing attention being paid to pyroptosis. Recent studies have indicated that OSA can elevate oxidative stress levels in the body, activating the process of pyroptosis within different tissues, ultimately accelerating organ dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis in the multisystem damage induced by OSA remain unclear. Therefore, this review focuses on four major systems that have received concentrated attention in existing research in order to explore the role of pyroptosis in promoting renal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurocognitive diseases, and skin diseases in OSA patients. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive overview of methods for inhibiting pyroptosis at different molecular levels, with the goal of identifying viable targets and therapeutic strategies for addressing OSA-related complications.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见的呼吸系统疾病，主要表现为两种病理特征：慢性间歇性低氧（CIH）和睡眠剥夺（SD）。OSA 已被确定为许多疾病的危险因素，与程序性细胞坏死相关的炎症反应被认为在 OSA 引起的多系统损伤的发生和进展中起重要作用，细胞焦亡受到越来越多的关注。最近的研究表明，OSA 会增加体内的氧化应激水平，激活不同组织内的细胞焦亡过程，最终加速器官功能障碍。然而，OSA 引起的多系统损伤中细胞焦亡的分子机制尚不清楚。因此，本综述重点关注四个在现有研究中受到集中关注的主要系统，以探讨细胞焦亡在促进 OSA 患者肾脏疾病、心血管疾病、神经认知疾病和皮肤疾病中的作用。此外，我们还全面概述了在不同分子水平上抑制细胞焦亡的方法，以期确定针对 OSA 相关并发症的可行靶点和治疗策略。
