Formerly Westminster Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital and Charing Cross Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK.
Biomolecules. 2024 Oct 30;14(11):1383. doi: 10.3390/biom14111383.
The unravelling of the human genome created new perceptions of the origin and evolution of diseases, and for cancer in particular, it established the notion that neoplasia has been a companion of life since its appearance on Earth. It is not surprising that neoplasms, in various forms, develop in numerous species of animals and even in plants. Unmistakable accounts of cancer with clinical features as are understood today begin in the 5th c. B.C. The principles and practice of the Hippocratic and Galenic tradition dominated cancer care virtually into the 20th century. Advanced sequencing technologies at the dawn of the 21st century generated new therapeutic opportunities with immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy, and gene transfer, with the latter especially being used in cases of hereditary cancer.
人类基因组的破译揭示了疾病的起源和演变的新认知，特别是在癌症方面，它确立了这样一种观念，即自从地球上出现以来，肿瘤一直是生命的伴侣。毫不奇怪，肿瘤以各种形式出现在许多动物物种中，甚至在植物中也有出现。有确凿的证据表明，今天所理解的具有临床特征的癌症可以追溯到公元前 5 世纪。希波克拉底和盖伦传统的原则和实践几乎主宰了癌症治疗，直到 20 世纪。21 世纪初先进的测序技术为免疫疗法、溶瘤病毒疗法和基因转移带来了新的治疗机会，后者尤其用于遗传性癌症。
