Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Biomolecules. 2024 Nov 11;14(11):1433. doi: 10.3390/biom14111433.
Breast implant surgery has evolved significantly, yet challenges such as capsular contracture remain a persistent concern. This review presents an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in understanding the immune mechanisms and clinical implications associated with silicone mammary implants (SMIs). The article systematically examines the complex interplay between immune responses and capsular fibrosis, emphasizing the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammation in the etiology of this fibrotic response. It discusses innovations in biomaterial science, including the development of novel anti-biofilm coatings and immunomodulatory surfaces designed to enhance implant integration and minimize complications. Emphasis is placed on personalized risk assessment strategies, leveraging molecular insights to tailor interventions and improve patient outcomes. Emerging therapeutic targets, advancements in surgical techniques, and the refinement of post-operative care are also explored. Despite notable progress, challenges such as the variability in immune responses, the long-term efficacy of new interventions, and ethical considerations remain. Future research directions are identified, focusing on personalized medicine, advanced biomaterials, and bridging preclinical findings with clinical applications. As we advance from bench to bedside, this review illuminates the path forward, where interdisciplinary collaboration and continued inquiry weave together to enhance the art and science of breast implant surgery, transforming patient care into a realm of precision and excellence.
乳房植入手术已经有了显著的发展，但包膜挛缩等挑战仍然是一个持续存在的问题。这篇综述深入分析了近年来在理解与硅树脂乳房植入物（SMI）相关的免疫机制和临床意义方面的进展。文章系统地研究了免疫反应和包膜纤维化之间的复杂相互作用，强调了炎症在这种纤维化反应发生中的病理生理机制。它讨论了生物材料科学方面的创新，包括开发新型抗生物膜涂层和免疫调节表面，旨在增强植入物的整合和减少并发症。重点介绍了个性化风险评估策略，利用分子见解来调整干预措施并改善患者的结果。还探讨了新兴的治疗靶点、手术技术的进步和术后护理的精细化。尽管取得了显著的进展，但仍存在一些挑战，如免疫反应的可变性、新干预措施的长期疗效以及伦理问题。确定了未来的研究方向，重点是个性化医学、先进的生物材料以及将临床前发现与临床应用联系起来。当我们从实验室走向临床时，这篇综述为我们指明了前进的道路，在这条道路上，跨学科的合作和持续的探究交织在一起，以提高乳房植入手术的艺术和科学水平，将患者护理提升到精准和卓越的领域。
