Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 14;25(22):12228. doi: 10.3390/ijms252212228.
species have long been utilized in traditional medicine; among their various properties, they provide an analgesic effect. Central to this medicinal application are alkamides, a class of alkaloids characterized by their unsaturated fatty acid chains. These compounds are particularly noted for their distinctive alleviation of tingling and numbing effects, which are beneficial in dental pain management and local anesthesia. This review synthesizes the existing phytochemical research on alkamides derived from 11 species, focusing on their chemical properties, pharmacodynamics and clinical implications. The analysis includes an examination of the structure-activity relationships (SARs), pharmacokinetics and mechanisms by which these compounds modulate sensations such as pungency and numbness, contributing to their analgesic and local anesthetic efficacy. This systemic review identifies significant research gaps, including the need for comprehensive evaluations of alkamide efficacy, detailed explorations of their pharmacological mechanisms and expanded clinical applications. These areas represent key opportunities for future investigations to enhance the understanding and utilization of alkamides in medical treatments.
许多物种长期以来一直被用于传统医学中；它们具有多种特性，其中包括镇痛作用。在这种药用应用中，酰胺类生物碱是一类具有不饱和脂肪酸链的生物碱，起着核心作用。这些化合物特别以其缓解刺痛和麻木的作用而闻名，这在牙科疼痛管理和局部麻醉中很有帮助。本综述综合了从 11 种物种中提取的酰胺类生物碱的现有植物化学研究，重点关注它们的化学性质、药效学和临床意义。分析包括对结构-活性关系（SAR）、药代动力学以及这些化合物调节刺痛和麻木等感觉的机制的检查，这些化合物有助于其镇痛和局部麻醉效果。本系统综述确定了重大的研究差距，包括需要全面评估酰胺类的功效，详细探索其药理机制以及扩大临床应用。这些领域代表了未来研究的重要机会，以增强对酰胺类在医学治疗中的理解和利用。
