Neiroukh Dina, Hajdarpasic Aida, Ayhan Cagri, Sultan Sherif, Soliman Osama
Discipline of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland.
CORRIB-CURAM-Vascular Group, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland.
J Clin Med. 2024 Nov 18;13(22):6938. doi: 10.3390/jcm13226938.
Evidence of the association between the gut microbiome and cardiovascular diseases has accumulated. An imbalance or dysbiosis of this system has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events, including aortic diseases. We aimed to elucidate the findings of the gut microbial taxonomy associated with aortic diseases and their subtypes. Furthermore, we sought to investigate whether gut microbiome dysbiosis can be used as a biomarker for aortic disease detection and to identify which species can be disease-specific. A systematic search was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for original research papers on gut microbiome composition in patients with aortic disease, using patients without aortic disease as the control (i.e., healthy controls). The databases PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science were used by employing the medical subject headings (MeSH) terms "aortic diseases", "microbiome"," microbiota", and "taxa" before August 2024. We extracted the study characteristics, study population, and gut microbiome in aortic disease, including microbiota taxa diversity and abundance, regardless of taxa level. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess study quality. Data were synthesized narratively to address the heterogeneity of the studies. In this review, twelve studies that have identified gut microbial species and their potential impact on aortic disease pathogenesis were included. The studies showed the phyla dominance of , , , , and in aortic disease patients. We also included the taxa sequencing methods and those used to extract the microorganisms. Aortic diseases were categorized into Takayasu's arteritis, giant cell arteritis, aortic aneurysm, and aortic dissection. Aortic disease patients had a higher rate of dysbiosis when compared to the healthy control groups, with significantly different microbiome composition. Patients with aortic disease exhibit a distinct difference between their gut microbiota composition and that of the healthy controls, which suggests a potential biomarker role of gut dysbiosis. Further exploration of the microbiome and its metagenome interface can help identify its role in aortic disease pathogenesis in depth, generating future therapeutic options. However, a unified methodology is required to identify potential microbial biomarkers in cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases.
肠道微生物群与心血管疾病之间关联的证据不断积累。已表明该系统的失衡或失调在心血管事件（包括主动脉疾病）的发病机制中起作用。我们旨在阐明与主动脉疾病及其亚型相关的肠道微生物分类学研究结果。此外，我们试图研究肠道微生物群失调是否可作为主动脉疾病检测的生物标志物，并确定哪些物种可能具有疾病特异性。我们按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，对有关主动脉疾病患者肠道微生物群组成的原始研究论文进行了系统检索，以无主动脉疾病的患者作为对照（即健康对照）。在2024年8月之前，我们使用医学主题词（MeSH）“主动脉疾病”“微生物组”“微生物群”和“分类群”，检索了PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane和Web of Science数据库。我们提取了主动脉疾病的研究特征、研究人群和肠道微生物群，包括微生物分类群的多样性和丰度，而不考虑分类水平。使用美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）质量评估工具评估研究质量。对数据进行叙述性综合分析，以解决研究的异质性问题。在本综述中，纳入了12项已确定肠道微生物种类及其对主动脉疾病发病机制潜在影响的研究。这些研究表明，主动脉疾病患者中， 、 、 、 和 等门占优势。我们还纳入了分类群测序方法以及用于提取微生物的方法。主动脉疾病分为大动脉炎、巨细胞动脉炎、主动脉瘤和主动脉夹层。与健康对照组相比，主动脉疾病患者的失调率更高，微生物群组成存在显著差异。主动脉疾病患者的肠道微生物群组成与健康对照组之间存在明显差异，这表明肠道失调具有潜在的生物标志物作用。进一步探索微生物群及其宏基因组界面有助于深入确定其在主动脉疾病发病机制中的作用，从而产生未来的治疗选择。然而，需要一种统一的方法来识别心血管和心脏代谢疾病中的潜在微生物生物标志物。
