Mihu Alin Gabriel, Lighezan Rodica, Oatis Daniela Adriana, Mederle Ovidiu Alexandru, Petrine-Mocanu Cristina, Petrescu Cristina, Prisca Mirandolina Eugenia, Ghenciu Laura Andreea, Avram Cecilia Roberta, Lupu Maria Alina, Bica Adelaida, Olariu Tudor Rareș
"Aurel Ardelean" Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania.
Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University, 310300 Arad, Romania.
Life (Basel). 2024 Nov 9;14(11):1454. doi: 10.3390/life14111454.
Malaria is currently the most prevalent life-threatening infectious disease in the world. In this case report, we present a 44-year-old Caucasian woman with a low level of education and no significant past medical history who presented to the emergency room of the Emergency County Hospital of Arad, Romania, with a general affected state, a fever of 38.5 °C, chills, weakness, headache, muscle pain, nausea, icterus, and watery diarrheal stool. A viral infection was initially suspected, and the patient was transferred to the Infectious Diseases Department. The anamnesis revealed that the patient traveled to Nigeria (Ado Ekiti) and returned to Romania 14 days before presenting to the hospital without following antimalarial prophylaxis. A peripheral blood smear was conducted and revealed parasitemia with ring forms of () of 10-15% within the red blood cells. Parasitemia increased within a day to 15-18%, and her health rapidly deteriorated. She was transferred to the Victor Babeș Infectious Disease Hospital in Bucharest for the urgent initiation of antimalarial treatment. The patient's condition continued to worsen rapidly, and she succumbed to her illness due to multi-organ failure. This report details the first documented case of malaria imported from Nigeria to Romania. People traveling to malaria-endemic areas should be educated about preventing this parasitic infection, both by adopting measures to reduce the risk of mosquito bites and by using appropriate chemoprophylaxis. In the context of resuming travel after the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding and adhering to prophylactic measures is crucial to avoid tragic situations, as highlighted in this case report.
疟疾是目前世界上最普遍的危及生命的传染病。在本病例报告中，我们介绍了一名44岁的白种女性，她教育程度低，既往无重大病史，因全身不适、发热38.5℃、寒战、虚弱、头痛、肌肉疼痛、恶心、黄疸及水样腹泻，前往罗马尼亚阿拉德县急诊医院急诊室就诊。最初怀疑是病毒感染，患者被转至传染病科。病史显示，患者前往尼日利亚（阿多埃基蒂），在未采取抗疟预防措施的情况下，于入院前14天返回罗马尼亚。进行了外周血涂片检查，结果显示红细胞内有环状体的疟原虫血症，占比为10%-15%。一天内疟原虫血症增加到15%-18%，她的健康状况迅速恶化。她被转至布加勒斯特的维克托·巴比什传染病医院，以便紧急开始抗疟治疗。患者的病情继续迅速恶化，最终因多器官衰竭病逝。本报告详细记录了首例从尼日利亚输入罗马尼亚的疟疾病例。前往疟疾流行地区的人们应接受预防这种寄生虫感染的教育，既要采取措施降低蚊虫叮咬风险，也要使用适当的化学预防药物。在新冠疫情后恢复旅行的背景下，理解并遵守预防措施对于避免悲剧性情况至关重要，本病例报告即突出了这一点。
