Department of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK.
School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK.
Molecules. 2024 Nov 5;29(22):5234. doi: 10.3390/molecules29225234.
Chagas disease and leishmaniasis are two neglected tropical diseases that affect millions of people in low- and middle-income tropical countries. These diseases caused by protozoan parasites pose significant global health challenges, which have been exacerbated by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need for novel therapeutics as current treatments are limited by toxicity and drug resistance. Nucleoside analogues, which have been extensively studied and successfully applied in antiviral and antitumor therapies, hold potential that has yet to be fully explored for treating these neglected diseases. In this review, we discuss the use of nucleoside analogues as promising therapeutic agents for Chagas disease and leishmaniasis. After briefly examining the pathology, progression, and current treatment options for these diseases, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the status of nucleoside analogues and explore their prospects. By outlining the current landscape and future directions, this review aims to guide research and development efforts towards more effective nucleoside-based treatments for Chagas disease and leishmaniasis.
恰加斯病和利什曼病是两种被忽视的热带病，影响着中低收入热带国家的数百万人。这些由原生动物寄生虫引起的疾病对全球健康构成了重大挑战，而最近的 COVID-19 大流行使这些挑战更加严重。由于目前的治疗方法受到毒性和耐药性的限制，因此迫切需要新的治疗方法。核苷类似物在抗病毒和抗肿瘤治疗中得到了广泛的研究和成功应用，具有尚未充分探索的潜力，可用于治疗这些被忽视的疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了核苷类似物作为恰加斯病和利什曼病有前途的治疗药物的用途。在简要检查了这些疾病的病理学、进展和当前的治疗选择后，我们对核苷类似物的现状进行了全面分析，并探讨了它们的前景。通过概述当前的现状和未来的方向，本综述旨在为恰加斯病和利什曼病的更有效的基于核苷的治疗方法的研究和开发提供指导。
