Gu Yu, Yu Haoyue, Kuang Jiayan, Ma Xiaoping, Tahir Muhammad Salman, He Sainan, Liao Yingchong
College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China.
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Nov 8;15:1432979. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1432979. eCollection 2024.
Bamboo witches' broom disease (WBD), caused by Miyake, devastates bamboo forests. Understanding the genome and pathogenic factors of pathogen is crucial for disease control. We employed single-molecule real-time sequencing, Illumina paired-end sequencing, and chromatin interaction mapping techniques to assemble the genome of CCTCC-M2023413, analyze pathogenicity- and phytohormone-biosynthesis-related genes, and compare it to 12 other WBD pathogens. The genome of is 59.24 Mb in size, with 54.32% repeats, 7 chromosomes, 7,105 protein-coding genes, 84 ribosomal RNAs, and 115 transfer RNAs. Predictive analysis of pathogenicity genes found 237 carbohydrate-active enzymes, 1,069 membrane transport proteins, 1,040 pathogen-host interaction genes, 315 virulence factors, and 70 effectors. Most of pathogenicity genes overlapped with repeat-rich regions. Additionally, 172 genes were linked to auxin biosynthesis, 53 to brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and 2 to -zeatin biosynthesis. Comparative genomic analysis identified 77 core orthogroups shared by 13 WBD pathogens, played roles in metabolites, genetic information processing, pathogenesis, -zeatin biosynthesis, lifespan, and quorum sensing. The gene, crucial for -zeatin biosynthesis, is structurally conserved and sequence-diverse among 13 WBD pathogens, with upregulated expression during bamboo WBD pathogenesis. This highlights that -zeatin is significant contributor to host pathogenesis, and miaA is a new potential target for controlling WBD. This study provides important insights on preventing and controlling bamboo WBD.
由宫胁病菌引起的竹丛枝病（WBD）对竹林造成严重破坏。了解病原体的基因组和致病因素对于疾病控制至关重要。我们采用单分子实时测序、Illumina双端测序和染色质相互作用图谱技术来组装CCTCC-M2023413的基因组，分析与致病性和植物激素生物合成相关的基因，并将其与其他12种WBD病原体进行比较。该基因组大小为59.24 Mb，重复序列占54.32%，有7条染色体、7105个蛋白质编码基因、84个核糖体RNA和115个转运RNA。对致病基因的预测分析发现了237种碳水化合物活性酶、1069种膜转运蛋白、1040种病原体-宿主相互作用基因、315种毒力因子和70种效应子。大多数致病基因与富含重复序列的区域重叠。此外，172个基因与生长素生物合成相关，53个与油菜素内酯生物合成相关，2个与玉米素生物合成相关。比较基因组分析确定了13种WBD病原体共有的77个核心直系同源组，它们在代谢物、遗传信息处理、致病机制、玉米素生物合成、寿命和群体感应中发挥作用。对玉米素生物合成至关重要的基因在13种WBD病原体中结构保守但序列多样，在竹丛枝病发病过程中表达上调。这突出表明玉米素是宿主发病机制的重要贡献者，而miaA是控制竹丛枝病的新潜在靶点。本研究为竹丛枝病的防治提供了重要见解。
