Khan Aqib Hassan Ali, Velasco-Arroyo Blanca, Rad Carlos, Curiel-Alegre Sandra, Rumbo Carlos, de Wilde Herwig, Pérez-de-Mora Alfredo, Martel-Martín Sonia, Barros Rocío
International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n., 09001, Burgos, Spain.
Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, s/n., 09001, Burgos, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Dec;31(57):65724-65740. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35519-5. Epub 2024 Nov 27.
Natural based solutions, notably constructed/artificial wetland treatment systems, rely heavily on identification and use of macrophytes with the ability to tolerate multiple contaminants and grow for an extended period to reduce contamination. The potential to tolerate and remediate metal(loid) contaminated groundwater from an industrial site located in Flanders (Belgium) was assessed for 10 wetland macrophytes (including Carex riparia Curtis, Cyperus longus Baker, Cyperus rotundus L., Iris pseudacorus L., Juncus effusus L., Lythrum salicaria L., Mentha aquatica L., Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud., Scirpus holoschoenus L., and Typha angustifolia L.). The experiment was conducted under static conditions, where plants were exposed to polluted acidic (pH ~ 4) water, having high level of metal(loid)s for 15 days. Plant biomass, morphology, and metal uptake by roots and shoots were analysed every 5 days for all species. Typha angustifolia and Scirpus holoschoenus produced ~ 3 and ~ 1.1 times more dried biomass than the controls, respectively. For S. holoschoenus, P. australis, and T. angustifolia, no apparent morphological stress symptoms were observed, and plant heights were similar between control and plants exposed to polluted groundwater. Higher concentrations of all metal(loid)s were detected in the roots indicating a potential for phytostabilization of metal(loid)s below the water column. For J. effusus and T. angustifolia, Cd, Ni, and Zn accumulation was observed higher in the shoots. S. holoschoenus, P. australis, and T. angustifolia are proposed for restoration and phytostabilization strategies in natural and/or constructed wetland and aquatic ecosystems affected by metal(loid) inputs.
基于自然的解决方案，特别是人工湿地处理系统，在很大程度上依赖于识别和利用能够耐受多种污染物并长期生长以减少污染的大型植物。对位于比利时弗拉芒地区的一个工业场地受金属（类金属）污染的地下水，评估了10种湿地大型植物（包括河岸苔草、长苞香蒲、香附子、黄菖蒲、灯心草、千屈菜、水生薄荷、芦苇、沼生水葱和狭叶香蒲）的耐受和修复潜力。实验在静态条件下进行，将植物暴露于污染的酸性（pH约为4）、金属（类金属）含量高的水中15天。每隔5天对所有物种的植物生物量、形态以及根和地上部分对金属的吸收情况进行分析。狭叶香蒲和沼生水葱的干生物量分别比对照多约3倍和约1.1倍。对于沼生水葱、芦苇和狭叶香蒲，未观察到明显的形态胁迫症状，对照植物和暴露于污染地下水的植物的株高相似。在根部检测到所有金属（类金属）的浓度更高，表明在水柱以下存在金属（类金属）植物稳定化的潜力。对于灯心草和狭叶香蒲，观察到地上部分对镉、镍和锌的积累更高。建议将沼生水葱、芦苇和狭叶香蒲用于受金属（类金属）输入影响的自然和/或人工湿地及水生生态系统的修复和植物稳定化策略。
