Reis Tailine Rayane Lima, Lopes-Ferreira João Vitor, Guerra Karen Beatriz, da Silva Luana Alice Boggione, Stenhouse Claire, Ashworth Cheryl Joy, Bloise Enrrico, Chiarini-Garcia Hélio, Almeida Fernanda Radicchi Campos Lobato de
Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2025 Jan;90:106895. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106895. Epub 2024 Nov 20.
This study aimed to characterize histological changes of the maternal-conceptus interface in feto-placental units associated with fetal weight and sex throughout pregnancy. Pregnant Large-White X Landrace gilts(n=18) were euthanized and hysterectomized on gestational days[GDs] 30(n=3), 45(n=5), 60(n=5), and 90(n=5). Intact cross-sections of fetoplacental interface associated with the lightest[LW] and normally-grown[NW] littermates were collected on GD30(n=4 per size). On GDs 45, 60 and 90, interactions between fetal size and sex were investigated in light-weight males[LWM] and females[LWF]; normal-weight males[NWM] and females[NWF] (n=4/group/GD). Fetal weight did not affect the endometrium composition, including relative proportion of glandular epithelium, blood vessels, and connective tissue. Feto-placental units from LW embryos tended to have longer chorioallantoic fold length on GD30(P=0.06). On GD45, higher proportion of larger endometrial glands was observed in NWM, and taller trophoblastic epithelium in NW conceptuses, regardless of sex(P<0.05). NWF presented the greatest proportion of subluminal endometrial epithelial blood vessels(P<0.05). On GD60, more blood vessels were present at the folds' base in males feto-placental units, whereas taller trophoblastic epithelium were present in NWF fetuses' feto-placental units(P<0.05). Feto-placental units' morphological composition throughout gestation in NW and LW conceptuses revealed that fold length was higher as early as GD30, with no further increase up to GD90 in LW conceptuses(P>0.05). Increased proportion of glandular epithelium was observed in LW conceptuses; the highest percentage present on GD90(P<0.05). Collectively, we demonstrated that fetal weight and sex influence the morphological structure of feto-placental units from as early as GD30, suggesting potential differences in the ability for nutrient transport.
本研究旨在描述整个孕期胎儿-胎盘单位中母胎界面的组织学变化，及其与胎儿体重和性别的关系。妊娠的大白猪×长白猪母猪（n = 18）在妊娠第30天（n = 3）、45天（n = 5）、60天（n = 5）和90天（n = 5）实施安乐死并进行子宫切除。在妊娠第30天，收集与最轻（LW）和正常生长（NW）同窝仔猪相关的完整胎儿-胎盘界面横截面（每种大小n = 4）。在妊娠第45天、60天和90天，研究轻体重雄性（LWM）和雌性（LWF）；正常体重雄性（NWM）和雌性（NWF）（每组n = 4/妊娠天数）之间胎儿大小和性别的相互作用。胎儿体重不影响子宫内膜组成，包括腺上皮、血管和结缔组织的相对比例。LW胚胎的胎儿-胎盘单位在妊娠第30天绒毛膜尿囊褶长度往往更长（P = 0.06）。在妊娠第45天，无论性别，NWM中较大子宫内膜腺体的比例更高，NW概念胎儿的滋养层上皮更高（P<0.05）。NWF的腔内下子宫内膜上皮血管比例最大（P<0.05）。在妊娠第60天，雄性胎儿-胎盘单位褶皱基部的血管更多，而NWF胎儿的胎儿-胎盘单位中滋养层上皮更高（P<0.05）。NW和LW概念胎儿整个孕期胎儿-胎盘单位的形态组成显示，早在妊娠第30天褶皱长度就更高，LW概念胎儿直至妊娠第90天没有进一步增加（P>0.05）。LW概念胎儿中腺上皮比例增加；在妊娠第90天比例最高（P<0.05）。总体而言，我们证明胎儿体重和性别早在妊娠第30天就影响胎儿-胎盘单位的形态结构，提示营养物质转运能力可能存在差异。
