Ducharme Francine M, Chan Rory
Clinical Research and Knowledge Transfer Unit on Childhood Asthma, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2025 Feb;134(2):135-143. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.11.013. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
Diagnosing asthma typically relies on clinical history, physical examination, and objective lung function test results. Spirometry, the gold standard for assessing lung function, is universally recommended for the diagnostic, assessment, and monitoring of asthma. It requires maximal respiratory effort that limits cooperation in certain populations and has limitations in detecting small airway dysfunction. Oscillometry requires minimal patient effort, is noninvasive, and provides valuable information on both large and small airways. Recent task force reports have suggested oscillometry as an alternative or a complementary lung function test to spirometry in the management of individuals with asthma. This review explores the scientific evidence and psychometric properties regarding oscillometry in the main purposes served by lung function testing in asthma, namely diagnosis, assessment of control and future risk, as well as longitudinal monitoring, including clinical utility. Furthermore, it addressed challenges and facilitators to implementation and future directions regarding its positioning as lung function testing in individuals with asthma.
哮喘的诊断通常依赖于临床病史、体格检查和客观的肺功能测试结果。肺活量测定法作为评估肺功能的金标准，被普遍推荐用于哮喘的诊断、评估和监测。它需要最大程度的呼吸努力，这限制了某些人群的配合度，并且在检测小气道功能障碍方面存在局限性。振荡法所需的患者努力最小，是非侵入性的，并且能提供有关大气道和小气道的有价值信息。最近的特别工作组报告建议，在哮喘患者的管理中，振荡法可作为肺活量测定法的替代或补充性肺功能测试。本综述探讨了关于振荡法在哮喘肺功能测试的主要目的（即诊断、控制和未来风险评估以及纵向监测，包括临床实用性）方面的科学证据和心理测量特性。此外，它还讨论了实施过程中的挑战和促进因素，以及其作为哮喘患者肺功能测试的定位的未来方向。
