Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University.
Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2024;29:66. doi: 10.1265/ehpm.24-00150.
Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is one of the most frequent craniofacial disorder which could associate with a wide range of craniofacial complication. In order to perform comprehensive care of CL/P patients, it is crucial to elucidate the link of CL/P and general clinical conditions. This study aims to elucidate the relationships between medical history of different CL/P types and infectious diseases to serve as a reference for the comprehensive care of patients with CL/P.
We investigated the association between a history different types of CL/P and the risk of infectious diseases among 1-year old children in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). Among the 104,065 registered fetal records, 92,590 eligible participants were included in the analysis.
The multivariable-adjusted risk ratios (95% confidence intervals) for otitis media were increased in cleft lip and palate (CLP) and cleft palate only (CPO) groups by 3.81 (2.73-5.31) and 2.27 (1.22-4.22), respectively. The prevalence of Upper respiratory inflammation (URTI) was not associated with CLP, cleft lip only, or CPO. However, analysis in all groups showed a higher risk of URTI compared with the control group (1.31 [1.04-1.66]).
CL/P care requires additional attention to prevent airway infectious diseases such as URTI before 1 year of age. Further research is warranted to elucidate the relationship between CL/P and general medical conditions.
唇腭裂（CL/P）是最常见的颅面畸形之一，可伴发多种颅面并发症。为了对 CL/P 患者进行全面的护理，阐明 CL/P 与一般临床状况的联系至关重要。本研究旨在阐明不同类型的 CL/P 与传染病之间的关系，为 CL/P 患者的全面护理提供参考。
我们在日本环境与儿童研究（JECS）中调查了不同类型的 CL/P 病史与 1 岁以下儿童传染病风险之间的关系。在登记的 104065 例胎儿记录中，有 92590 例符合条件的参与者纳入分析。
多变量调整后的风险比（95%置信区间）显示，中耳感染在唇腭裂（CLP）和单纯腭裂（CPO）组分别增加了 3.81（2.73-5.31）和 2.27（1.22-4.22）。上呼吸道炎症（URTI）的患病率与 CLP、单纯唇裂或 CPO 均无关联。然而，所有组别的分析均显示 URTI 的风险高于对照组（1.31 [1.04-1.66]）。
CL/P 的护理需要特别注意预防 1 岁以下儿童的气道传染病，如 URTI。需要进一步研究阐明 CL/P 与一般医疗状况之间的关系。
