Guimarães Giovanna Costa, Pereira Gabrielle Silva, Dos Santos Helen Cristina Neves Trindade Rodrigues, Vianna Elaine Cristine da Conceição, Peixoto Thaís Alencar Linhares, Silva-Junior João Silvestre, Gallasch Cristiane Helena
School of Nursing, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Nursing, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2024 Nov 14;22(3):e20241227. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2024-1227. eCollection 2024 Jul-Sep.
Healthcare workers in both the public and private systems were on the front line of the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. As a consequence, they faced uncertainty, heavy demand, excessive working hours, and the fear of contracting the virus.
To investigate the occurrence of psychological distress among public and private healthcare workers at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
An observational, quantitative study was conducted from April to June of 2020, enrolling workers who had cared for suspected and confirmed cases of covid-19 in Brazil. Psychological distress was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20. Associations between the outcome and independent variables were analyzed using the chi-square test.
Majorities of the 400 healthcare workers studied were nursing professionals (69.8%), worked in the Southeast region of Brazil (69.5%), were affiliated to a public healthcare institution (71.8%), and had a mean working week of 45.81 hours. The rate of psychological distress in the sample was 56.8%. There was no statistically significant association between the outcome and the type of organization (public/private). There were associations between psychological distress and professional category and between psychological distress and prior comorbidities.
There was evidence of impact on mental wellbeing irrespective of care level or setting. Psychological distress was one of the greatest challenges faced by the healthcare workers during the pandemic, irrespective of the type of institution, and was a phenomenon of relevance to occupational health in general during the pandemic.
公共和私营医疗系统中的医护人员处于抗击新冠疫情的前线。因此，他们面临着不确定性、繁重的工作需求、超长的工作时间以及感染病毒的恐惧。
调查新冠疫情初期公共和私营医护人员心理困扰的发生情况。
于2020年4月至6月进行了一项观察性定量研究，纳入了在巴西照料新冠疑似和确诊病例的医护人员。使用20项自评问卷评估心理困扰。采用卡方检验分析结果与自变量之间的关联。
在研究的400名医护人员中，大多数是护理专业人员（69.8%），在巴西东南部地区工作（69.5%），隶属于公共医疗机构（71.8%），平均每周工作45.81小时。样本中心理困扰的发生率为56.8%。结果与组织类型（公立/私立）之间没有统计学上的显著关联。心理困扰与专业类别以及心理困扰与既往合并症之间存在关联。
有证据表明，无论护理级别或环境如何，都会对心理健康产生影响。心理困扰是疫情期间医护人员面临的最大挑战之一，与机构类型无关，并且是疫情期间一般职业健康领域的一个相关现象。
