Pereira Francielle Veloso Pinto, Canuto Raquel, Schuch Ilaine
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Nov 22;40(10):e00034424. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPT034424. eCollection 2024.
Food insecurity and urban violence are among the main public health problems in Brazil, with approximately half of the population having impaired access to food, in addition to most individuals having already experienced some violent event in their neighborhood. Studies have shown that violence in the neighborhood can be associated with food insecurity, however, in Brazil, this topic is little explored. This study aimed to verify the association between the perception of violence in the neighborhood and the risk of food insecurity. This study has a cross-sectional design, having been carried out with adults and older adults (n = 400) living in a health district of the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State. A stratified sampling method was adopted. Data was collected by household interviews. The presence of risk of food insecurity and the perception of violence in the community were evaluated using instruments validated for the Brazilian population. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Individuals that perceived their neighborhood as violent were more likely to be at risk of food insecurity (PR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.04-1.77). Perception of neighborhood violence is associated with risk of food insecurity, independently, after adjusting for potential confounders. Issues related to the social environment, especially in relation to perceived violence, must be considered in the creation of public policies and actions against food insecurity.
粮食不安全和城市暴力是巴西主要的公共卫生问题，约有一半人口获得食物的机会受损，此外，大多数人在其社区都曾经历过一些暴力事件。研究表明，社区暴力可能与粮食不安全有关，然而，在巴西，这个话题很少被探讨。本研究旨在验证社区暴力认知与粮食不安全风险之间的关联。本研究采用横断面设计，对居住在南里奥格兰德州阿雷格里港市一个卫生区的成年人和老年人（n = 400）进行了调查。采用分层抽样方法。通过家庭访谈收集数据。使用针对巴西人群验证的工具评估粮食不安全风险的存在和社区暴力认知情况。采用稳健方差的泊松回归来估计粗患病率和调整患病率比（PR）及其各自的95%置信区间（95%CI）。认为自己所在社区存在暴力的个体更有可能面临粮食不安全风险（PR = 1.35；95%CI：1.04 - 1.77）。在调整潜在混杂因素后，社区暴力认知独立地与粮食不安全风险相关。在制定应对粮食不安全的公共政策和行动时，必须考虑与社会环境相关的问题，特别是与感知到的暴力有关的问题。
