Vial Eloir Antonio, Junges José Roque, Olinto Maria Teresa Anselmo, Machado Paula Sandrine, Pattussi Marcos Pascoal
Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2010 Oct;28(4):289-97. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892010001000008.
to study the relationship between reported urban violence and social capital in a medium-sized city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
the study was carried out with adults living in the urban area of São Leopoldo. For the quantitative analysis, a structured questionnaire was answered by 1 100 individuals older than 20 years of age and in charge of the household at the moment of the interview. Violence was evaluated based on the reports of violent arguments, theft or robbery, drug-related events, and homicides in the neighborhood over the previous six months. Social capital was defined based on the reported degree of trust among neighbors, informal social control, opinions on the actions of government and politicians, and social action in the neighborhoods. For the qualitative analysis, 11 participants residing in the area with the lowest or with the highest social capital answered a semi-structured interview.
people living in low-trust neighborhoods reported higher rates of homicide (OR = 2.82; 95%CI: 1.67-4.74; P > 0.001) and violent arguments (OR = 2.56; 95%CI: 1.82-3.59; P > 0.001) than people living in high-trust neighborhoods. Violent situations were reported most often in neighborhoods with low social capital, in which a lack of government attention was also reported.
in neighborhoods with the highest social capital, the prevalence of reported violence was lower. Priority should be given to public policies that promote social capital for the common good.
研究巴西南里奥格兰德州一个中等城市中报告的城市暴力与社会资本之间的关系。
对居住在圣莱奥波尔多市区的成年人进行了研究。在定量分析中，1100名年龄超过20岁且在访谈时负责家庭事务的个体回答了一份结构化问卷。根据过去六个月邻里间暴力争吵、盗窃或抢劫、毒品相关事件及凶杀案的报告来评估暴力情况。社会资本是根据邻里间报告的信任程度、非正式社会控制、对政府和政治家行为的看法以及邻里间的社会行动来定义的。在定性分析中，11名居住在社会资本最低或最高地区的参与者回答了一份半结构化访谈。
与生活在高信任社区的人相比，生活在低信任社区的人报告的凶杀案发生率更高（比值比=2.82；95%置信区间：1.67 - 4.74；P>0.001），暴力争吵发生率也更高（比值比=2.56；95%置信区间：1.82 - 3.59；P>0.001）。暴力事件在社会资本低的社区报告得最为频繁，这些社区还报告缺乏政府关注。
在社会资本最高的社区，报告的暴力发生率较低。应优先制定促进社会资本以实现共同利益的公共政策。
