Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, 51-612, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 28;14(1):29558. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80822-3.
The study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of the incremental running test on the accuracy and repeatability of submaximal force generation in adolescent athletes (biathletes and runners) with different training regimes. The isometric force generation was assessed in biathletes and runners by examining left and right elbow extension (LEE; REE); flexion (LEF; REF); left and right knee extensions (LKE; RKE) before and after the test. The mean force of 10 sub-maximal targeted force pulses (F) and force variability parameters: standard deviation and coefficient variation were used for accuracy and repeatability estimation. Biathletes generated forces more accurate and exhibit better repeatability of produced forces than runners. Mean force measured in fatigue conditions, for both groups, did not vary significantly from rest measurements. Before testing biathletes exhibited significantly lower REE and LEE, and after testing lower REF and LEF variability than runners. After testing there was a significant drop of variability in elbows flexion but not extension and RKE in biathletes. Insignificant downward trend of variability parameters were found in runners. The presented findings corroborate sport-specific force generation ability alteration in response to exhaustive effort. Tracking force generation over time may be useful in the monitoring of training loads and specific training adaptations.
本研究旨在评估递增跑步测试对不同训练方案的青少年运动员（冬季两项运动员和跑步者）亚最大力量产生的准确性和可重复性的急性影响。通过检查左肘伸展（LEE；REE）、左肘弯曲（LEF；REF）、右肘伸展（RKE；REE）和右肘弯曲（RKE；REF），评估了冬季两项运动员和跑步者的等长力量产生情况。使用 10 个亚最大目标力脉冲（F）的平均力和力变异性参数（标准差和变异系数）来评估准确性和可重复性。与跑步者相比，冬季两项运动员产生的力量更准确，力量产生的可重复性更好。两组在疲劳状态下测量的平均力与休息时测量的平均力没有显著差异。测试前，冬季两项运动员的 REE 和 LEE 明显较低，测试后 REF 和 LEF 的变异性明显低于跑步者。测试后，冬季两项运动员的肘部弯曲的变异性明显下降，但肘部伸展的变异性没有下降，RKE 也没有下降。跑步者的变异性参数没有明显的下降趋势。研究结果证实了特定运动的力量产生能力因剧烈运动而发生改变。随着时间的推移跟踪力量产生情况可能有助于监测训练负荷和特定的训练适应。
