Elo Merja, Kareksela Santtu, Ovaskainen Otso, Abrego Nerea, Niku Jenni, Taskinen Sara, Aapala Kaisu, Kotiaho Janne S
Nature solutions unit, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Commun Earth Environ. 2024;5(1):680. doi: 10.1038/s43247-024-01844-3. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
Ecosystem restoration will increase following the ambitious international targets, which calls for a rigorous evaluation of restoration effectiveness. Here, we present results from a long-term before-after control-impact experiment on the restoration of forestry-drained boreal peatland ecosystems. Our data comprise 151 sites, representing six ecosystem types. Species-level vegetation sampling has been conducted before, two, five, and ten years after restoration. With joint species distribution modelling, we show that, on average, not restoring leads to further degradation, but restoration stops and reverses this trend. The variation in restoration outcomes largely arises from ecosystem types: restoration of nutrient-poor ecosystems has a higher probability of failure. Yet, the ten-year study period is insufficient to capture the restoration effects in slow-recovering ecosystems. Altogether, restoration can effectively halt the biodiversity loss of degraded ecosystems, although ecosystem attributes affect the outcome. This variability in outcomes underlies the need for evidence-based prioritization of restoration efforts across ecosystems.
随着雄心勃勃的国际目标的提出，生态系统恢复将会增加，这就需要对恢复效果进行严格评估。在此，我们展示了一项关于林业排水的北方泥炭地生态系统恢复的长期前后对照影响实验的结果。我们的数据包括151个地点，代表六种生态系统类型。在恢复前、恢复后两年、五年和十年进行了物种水平的植被采样。通过联合物种分布模型，我们表明，平均而言，不进行恢复会导致进一步退化，但恢复可以阻止并扭转这一趋势。恢复结果的差异很大程度上源于生态系统类型：营养贫乏生态系统的恢复失败概率更高。然而，十年的研究期不足以捕捉缓慢恢复生态系统中的恢复效果。总体而言，恢复可以有效阻止退化生态系统的生物多样性丧失，尽管生态系统属性会影响结果。结果的这种变异性是基于生态系统对恢复努力进行循证优先排序的必要性。
