Hishikawa Y, Tanaka S, Miura T
Radiology. 1986 May;159(2):549-51. doi: 10.1148/radiology.159.2.3961189.
Fifty-three patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation following external irradiation. Ten patients developed esophageal fistula. Perforations were found in the bronchus (four), major vessels (four), pericardium (one), and mediastinum (one). The frequency of fistula occurrence in these patients was not remarkably different from that in 30 other patients treated only with greater than or equal to 50 Gy external irradiation. From the time of the development of esophageal fistula, intracavitary irradiation did not seem to accelerate the development of fistula. The fistulas in our ten patients proved to be associated with tumor, deep ulcer (created before intracavitary irradiation), chemotherapy, infection, and trauma rather than the direct effect of intracavitary irradiation.
53例食管癌患者在体外照射后接受了高剂量率腔内照射。10例患者发生了食管瘘。在支气管（4例）、大血管（4例）、心包（1例）和纵隔（1例）发现穿孔。这些患者瘘的发生率与另外30例仅接受大于或等于50 Gy体外照射的患者相比无显著差异。从食管瘘发生时起，腔内照射似乎并未加速瘘的发展。我们这10例患者的瘘被证明与肿瘤、（腔内照射前形成的）深部溃疡、化疗、感染和创伤有关，而非腔内照射的直接影响。
