Yilmaz Dilek, Tasar Selin, Tuz Aysegul Elvan, Eroz Nesli Agralı, Oncel Eda Karadag, Aksay Ahu Kara, Yilmaz Nisel
Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Izmir Kâtip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Feb;44(2):333-342. doi: 10.1007/s10096-024-05003-6. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary etiology of lower respiratory tract infection in children. The fluctuating incidence of RSV, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, has shifted the spotlight onto preventive strategies. Our study aims to investigate both the risk factors and clinical symptoms of RSV.
From February 2015 to February 2023, samples were analyzed during all seasons to identify viral respiratory infections. RSV was identified in a total of 835 individuals.
In 2021, following the easing of limitations after the COVID-19 pandemic, the largest number of identified cases was recorded. January was the most commonly used month. The median age were 5 months (min-max: 1-204 months) and 128 (17.7%) cases had a history of prematurity. Around 24.7% of the patients had a preexisting medical condition. Neurological disease patients were followed up in the intensive care unit more often than others (53.3 vs. 35.8% p = 0.036). While the hospital stay of pediatric patients born under the 29th week of gestation is almost twice as long compared to other groups, the hospital stay is almost twice as long as that of patients between 29 and 32 weeks. (p = 0.046, p = 0.012 respectively).
RSV was a powerful companion during the pandemic and a persistent reminder of its severity. Our initial data suggest that RSV prevention is difficult for children with pre-existing diseases, notably neurological abnormalities, who are not advised for preventive treatments. Given this outcome, late-premature newborns and children with medical issues should receive RSV prophylaxis first.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是儿童下呼吸道感染的主要病因。RSV发病率的波动，尤其是在新冠疫情背景下，使预防策略成为焦点。我们的研究旨在调查RSV的危险因素和临床症状。
2015年2月至2023年2月期间，对所有季节的样本进行分析以确定病毒性呼吸道感染。共835人检测出RSV。
2021年，在新冠疫情限制措施放宽后，确诊病例数最多。1月是最常出现病例的月份。中位年龄为5个月（最小-最大：1-204个月），128例（17.7%）有早产史。约24.7%的患者有基础疾病。神经疾病患者在重症监护病房的随访频率高于其他患者（53.3%对35.8%，p = 0.036）。虽然孕周在29周以下的儿科患者住院时间几乎是其他组的两倍，但住院时间几乎是29至32周患者的两倍。（分别为p = 0.046，p = 0.012）。
RSV在疫情期间是一个严重问题，持续提醒人们其严重性。我们的初步数据表明，对于有基础疾病的儿童，尤其是神经异常的儿童，RSV预防困难，这些儿童不建议进行预防性治疗。鉴于此结果，晚期早产儿和有医疗问题的儿童应首先接受RSV预防。
