The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Nov 29;103(48):e40724. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040724.
This study aimed to assess the effects of individualized dietary programs provided by nurses on the nutrition and micro-inflammation of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study employed the convenience sampling method for selecting participants. Accordingly, 60 patients undergoing PD who visited a PD center from January to June 2022 were selected as the control group, and 60 patients undergoing PD who visited the same PD center from November 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the intervention group. Participants in the intervention group received individualized dietary nutrition programs, whereas those in the control group received general nursing programs. The nutritional and micro-inflammatory statuses of participants in both groups were assessed after 6 months. The nutritional status was assessed based on nutritional scores and blood tests (red blood cells, pre-albumin, albumin, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and globulins), and the micro-inflammatory status was assessed based on blood tests. After 6 months, the intervention group outperformed the control group in terms of lymphocyte percentage, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein level, lymphocyte count, and white blood cell count (P < .05). In addition, globulin, preprotein, albumin, and hemoglobin levels, and red blood cell count were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < .05). The results also showed a lower prevalence of peritonitis in the intervention group (P < .05). The participants in the intervention group obtained lower nutritional scores than those in the control group (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the pre- and post-intervention indexes in the control group (P > .05). In contrast, the studied indexes significantly improved in the intervention group (P < .05). The study findings suggested that individualized dietary programs provided by nurses can improve malnutrition, micro-inflammatory, and peritonitis in patients with PD.
本研究旨在评估护士提供的个体化饮食方案对腹膜透析（PD）患者营养和微炎症状态的影响。本研究采用便利抽样法选取研究对象。2022 年 1 月至 6 月期间，在 PD 中心就诊的 60 例 PD 患者作为对照组，2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 4 月期间，在同一 PD 中心就诊的 60 例 PD 患者作为干预组。干预组患者接受个体化饮食营养方案，对照组患者接受常规护理方案。两组患者均在 6 个月后评估营养和微炎症状态。营养状况基于营养评分和血液检查（红细胞、前白蛋白、白蛋白、超敏 C 反应蛋白、白细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞和球蛋白）进行评估，微炎症状态基于血液检查进行评估。6 个月后，干预组患者的淋巴细胞百分比、超敏 C 反应蛋白水平、淋巴细胞计数和白细胞计数均优于对照组（P ＜.05）。此外，干预组的球蛋白、前白蛋白、白蛋白和血红蛋白水平以及红细胞计数均高于对照组（P ＜.05）。结果还显示干预组腹膜炎发生率较低（P ＜.05）。干预组患者的营养评分低于对照组（P ＜.05）。对照组患者干预前后各项指标差异无统计学意义（P ＞.05）。而干预组的研究指标均有显著改善（P ＜.05）。研究结果表明，护士提供的个体化饮食方案可以改善 PD 患者的营养不良、微炎症和腹膜炎。
