Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
Agriculture Research Centre, Soil and Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza, 12619, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 29;14(1):29742. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77651-9.
Soil alkalinity and salinity are major challenges to wheat production in arid regions. Eco-friendly amendments (organic matter and bio-stimulants) offer promising solutions, but their combined effects are underexplored. This study assessed the effects of organic amendments (vermicompost, compost, and chicken manure) combined with foliar bio-stimulants (licorice root, ginger rhizome, moringa leaf extract (MLE), and potassium humate) on wheat under salt and alkalinity stress. Organic amendments combined with bio-stimulants significantly improved wheat yields by enhancing chlorophyll content, proline levels, photosynthetic pigments, water uptake, and enzyme activities. Vermicompost outperformed compost and chicken manure in improving plant physico-biochemical properties. The combination of vermicompost and MLE was most effective in increasing plant height, leaf area, and photosynthetic rate by 97, 126, and 136%, respectively, while also enhancing catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase by 65, 97, and 185%, respectively. Consequently, this resulted in 64% increase in straw yield and 27% increase in grain yield compared to controls. Additionally, nutrient uptake (N, P, and K) significantly increased, while sodium uptake decreased. Integrating vermicompost with MLE can significantly enhance wheat productivity under abiotic stress, offering a sustainable solution to improve crop resilience in arid environments. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms and optimize bio-stimulant use in agriculture.
土壤碱度和盐度是干旱地区小麦生产的主要挑战。环保型改良剂（有机物和生物刺激素）提供了有前景的解决方案，但它们的综合效应仍未得到充分探索。本研究评估了有机物改良剂（蚯蚓粪、堆肥和鸡粪）与叶面生物刺激素（甘草根、姜根茎、辣木叶提取物（MLE）和腐植酸钾）联合应用对盐和碱胁迫下小麦的影响。有机物改良剂与生物刺激素联合使用可显著提高小麦产量，增加叶绿素含量、脯氨酸水平、光合色素、水分吸收和酶活性。与堆肥和鸡粪相比，蚯蚓粪更能改善植物的物理-生化特性。蚯蚓粪与 MLE 的组合在增加株高、叶面积和光合速率方面最为有效，分别提高了 97%、126%和 136%，同时还分别提高了 65%、97%和 185%的过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶。因此，与对照相比，稻草产量增加了 64%，籽粒产量增加了 27%。此外，养分吸收（N、P 和 K）显著增加，而钠吸收减少。在非生物胁迫下，将蚯蚓粪与 MLE 结合使用可以显著提高小麦的生产力，为提高干旱环境下作物的抗逆性提供了可持续的解决方案。需要进一步研究以了解机制并优化农业中生物刺激素的使用。
