Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, Department of Medical Laboratory, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Ministry of Health, 13001 Shuwaikh, Kuwait.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2024 Nov 19;29(11):386. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2911386.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with an unknown etiology and pathophysiology that is not completely understood. Although great strides have been made in developing disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) that have significantly improved the quality of life for MS patients, these treatments do not entirely prevent disease progression or relapse. Identifying the unaddressed pathophysiological aspects of MS and developing targeted therapies to fill in these gaps are essential in providing long-term relief for patients. Recent research has uncovered some aspects of MS that remain outside the scope of available DMTs, and as such, yield only limited benefits. Despite most MS pathophysiology being targeted by DMTs, many patients still experience disease progression or relapse, indicating that a more detailed understanding is necessary. Thus, this literature review seeks to explore the known aspects of MS pathophysiology, identify the gaps in present DMTs, and explain why current treatments cannot entirely arrest MS progression.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种复杂的中枢神经系统（CNS）自身免疫性疾病，其病因和发病机制尚不完全清楚。尽管在开发疾病修正疗法（DMT）方面取得了重大进展，这些疗法显著提高了 MS 患者的生活质量，但它们并不能完全阻止疾病进展或复发。确定 MS 中未解决的病理生理方面，并开发靶向治疗来填补这些空白，对于为患者提供长期缓解至关重要。最近的研究揭示了 MS 的一些方面仍然超出了现有 DMT 的范围，因此仅能带来有限的益处。尽管大多数 MS 病理生理学都被 DMT 靶向，但许多患者仍经历疾病进展或复发，这表明需要更详细的了解。因此，本文综述旨在探讨 MS 病理生理学的已知方面，确定现有 DMT 的差距，并解释为什么目前的治疗方法不能完全阻止 MS 的进展。
