微塑料对土壤微生物群落和温室气体排放的影响：综述
Effects of microplastics on microbial community and greenhouse gas emission in soil: A critical review.
作者信息
Chen Guanlin, Guo Saisai, Liu Linan, Zhang Wenzhu, Tang Jingchun
机构信息
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
出版信息
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Jan 1;289:117419. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117419. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in soil ecosystems and significantly impact soil microorganisms and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Although some reviews have summarized their impact on greenhouse gas emissions, no systematic analysis has been conducted on how soil physicochemical and microbial properties affect these emissions. Firstly, this review details that MPs alter microbial abundance, structure, activity and gene expression, directly stimulating CO and NO emissions, though their impact on CH remains inconclusive. Additionally, MPs change rhizosphere microbial growth, cause soil nutrient loss, and induce plant toxicity, indirectly affecting GHG emissions. Finally, this article suggests strengthening research on rhizosphere and MPs surface microbial communities, exploring interactions with clay and minerals, and investigating GHG emission mechanisms to understand the ecological effects of MPs.
微塑料（MPs）在土壤生态系统中无处不在，对土壤微生物和温室气体（GHG）排放有显著影响。尽管一些综述总结了它们对温室气体排放的影响，但尚未对土壤物理化学和微生物特性如何影响这些排放进行系统分析。首先，本综述详细阐述了微塑料改变微生物丰度、结构、活性和基因表达，直接刺激一氧化碳和一氧化氮排放，不过其对甲烷排放的影响尚无定论。此外，微塑料改变根际微生物生长，导致土壤养分流失，并诱导植物毒性，间接影响温室气体排放。最后，本文建议加强对根际和微塑料表面微生物群落的研究，探索与粘土和矿物质的相互作用，并研究温室气体排放机制，以了解微塑料的生态效应。
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