Department of Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados - Folhadela, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 30;14(1):29793. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80924-y.
Climate change pose significant challenges to modern agriculture management systems, threatening food production and security. Therefore, tackling its effects has never been so imperative to attain sustainable food access and nutrition worldwide. In the case of viticulture, besides jeopardizing grape production, climate change has severe impact in quality, which has becoming more challenging to manage, due to the increasingly frequent fungal contamination, with consequences for relevant quality parameters such as the aromatic profiles of grapes and wines and their phenolic compounds. This has been leading to a reconfiguration of the wine industry geostrategic landscape and economy dynamics, particularly in Southern Europe. To address these and other emerging challenges, in-field deployable proximity-based precision technologies have been enabling real-time monitoring of crops ecosystems, including climate, soil and plants, by performing relevant data gathering and storage, paving the way for advanced decision support under the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. This paper explores the integration of agronomic and technological knowledge, emphasizing the proper selection of IoT-capable sensors for viticulture, while considering more general ones from agriculture to fill gaps when specialized options are unavailable. Moreover, advisable practices for sensor installation are provided, according to respective types, data acquisition capabilities and applicability.
气候变化对现代农业管理系统构成重大挑战，威胁到粮食生产和安全。因此，应对气候变化的影响对于实现全球可持续粮食供应和营养至关重要。在葡萄种植业方面，除了威胁葡萄生产外，气候变化还对质量产生了严重影响，由于真菌污染越来越频繁，管理难度加大，这对葡萄和葡萄酒的香气特征及其酚类化合物等相关质量参数产生了影响。这导致了葡萄酒行业地缘战略格局和经济动态的重新配置，特别是在南欧。为了应对这些和其他新出现的挑战，现场可部署的基于邻近度的精准技术已经能够通过执行相关的数据收集和存储，实时监测包括气候、土壤和植物在内的作物生态系统，为物联网 (IoT) 范式下的高级决策支持铺平了道路。本文探讨了农业和技术知识的融合，强调了为葡萄种植业选择合适的具备物联网功能的传感器，同时考虑了更通用的农业传感器来填补没有专门选项时的空白。此外，还根据各自的类型、数据采集能力和适用性，提供了传感器安装的建议做法。
