Aloufi Fahed A, Halawani Riyadh F
Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2025 Feb;219:109348. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109348. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
This study investigates the impact of neodymium (Nd) nanoparticle (NdNP) toxicity on the physiological and biochemical responses of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and oat (Avena sativa) plants and evaluates the potential mitigating effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Sorghum and oat plants were grown under controlled conditions with and without AMF inoculation, and subjected to NdNPs (500 mg Nd kg soil). Results revealed that Nd nanoparticles significantly reduced biomass in both species, with a 50% decrease in sorghum and a 59% decrease in oats. However, AMF treatment ameliorated these effects, increasing biomass by 69% in oats under Nd nanoparticles toxicity compared to untreated contaminated plants. Soluble sugar metabolism was notably affected; AMF treatment led to significant increases in fructose and sucrose contents in both sorghum (+31% and +23%, respectively) and oat (+25% and +37%, respectively) plants under NdNPs toxicity. Improved sugar metabolism via enhanced activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (+29-54%) and invertase (+39-54%) enzymes resulted in higher proline (+21-81%) and polyamines (+49-52%) levels in AMF-treated plants under NdNPs toxicity, along with alterations in the biosynthesis pathways of amino acids and fatty acids, resulting in better osmoprotection and stress tolerance. Moreover, citrate (+29-55%) and oxalate (+177-312%) levels increased in both plants in response to NdNPs toxicity, which was accompanied by a positive response of isobutyric acid to AMF treatment in stressed plants, which potentially might serve as mechanisms for plants to mitigate NdNPs toxicity. These findings suggest that AMF can significantly mitigate Nd-induced damage and improve plant resilience through enhanced metabolic adjustments, highlighting a potential strategy for managing rare earth element (REE) nanoparticle toxicity in agricultural soils.
本研究调查了钕（Nd）纳米颗粒（NdNP）毒性对高粱（Sorghum bicolor）和燕麦（Avena sativa）植物生理和生化反应的影响，并评估了丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的潜在缓解作用。高粱和燕麦植物在有和没有接种AMF的受控条件下生长，并施加NdNPs（500 mg Nd/kg土壤）。结果表明，Nd纳米颗粒显著降低了两个物种的生物量，高粱降低了50%，燕麦降低了59%。然而，AMF处理改善了这些影响，与未处理的受污染植物相比，在Nd纳米颗粒毒性下，燕麦的生物量增加了69%。可溶性糖代谢受到显著影响；在NdNPs毒性下，AMF处理导致高粱（分别增加31%和23%）和燕麦（分别增加25%和37%）植物中的果糖和蔗糖含量显著增加。通过增强蔗糖磷酸合酶（+29 - 54%）和转化酶（+39 - 54%）的活性来改善糖代谢，导致在NdNPs毒性下AMF处理的植物中脯氨酸（+21 - 81%）和多胺（+49 - 52%）水平升高，同时氨基酸和脂肪酸的生物合成途径发生改变，从而产生更好的渗透保护和胁迫耐受性。此外，响应NdNPs毒性，两种植物中的柠檬酸盐（+29 - 55%）和草酸盐（+177 - 312%）水平升高，同时胁迫植物中异丁酸对AMF处理有积极响应，这可能是植物减轻NdNPs毒性的机制。这些发现表明，AMF可以通过增强代谢调节显著减轻Nd诱导的损害并提高植物恢复力，突出了一种管理农业土壤中稀土元素（REE）纳米颗粒毒性的潜在策略。
