Wang Xingzhe, Ma Xiaodan, Wang Senyuan, Zhang Peng, Sun Lu, Jia Zhenyu, Zhang Yuehua, Bao Qiuli, Bao Yuying, Wei Jie
Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, China.
Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Aug 9;11(8):587. doi: 10.3390/jof11080587.
Soil salinization limits the growth of agricultural crops in the world, requiring the use of methods to increase the tolerance of agricultural crops to salinity-alkali stress. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance plant stress adaptation through symbiosis and offer a promising strategy for remediation. However, in non-model crops such as oat ( L.), research has mainly focused on physiological assessments, while the key genes and metabolic pathways involved in AMF-mediated growth and saline-alkali tolerance remain unclear. In this study, we employed integrated multi-omics and physiological analyses to explore the regulatory mechanisms of AMF in oats under normal and saline-alkali stress. The results indicated that AMF symbiosis significantly promoted oat growth and physiological performance under both normal and saline-alkali stress conditions. Compared to the non-inoculated group under normal conditions, AMF increased plant height and biomass by 8.5% and 15.3%, respectively. Under saline-alkali stress, AMF enhanced SPAD value and relative water content by 16.7% and 7.3%, reduced MDA content by 35.8%, increased soluble protein by 21.8%, and decreased proline by 13.3%. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, and CAT) were elevated by 18.4%, 18.2%, and 14.8%, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that AMF colonization under saline-alkali stress induced about twice as many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as under non-saline-alkali stressed conditions. These DEGs were primarily associated with Environmental Information Processing, Genetic Information Processing, and Metabolic Processes. According to metabolomic analysis, a total of 573 metabolites were identified across treatments, mainly comprising lipids (29.3%), organic compounds (36.8%), and secondary metabolites (21.5%). Integrated multi-omics analysis indicated that AMF optimized energy utilization and antioxidant defense by enhancing phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism pathways. This study provides new insights into how AMF may enhance oat growth and tolerance to saline-alkali stress.
土壤盐渍化限制了全球农作物的生长，需要采用提高农作物耐盐碱胁迫能力的方法。丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）通过共生增强植物对胁迫的适应性，为修复提供了一种有前景的策略。然而，在燕麦等非模式作物中，研究主要集中在生理评估上，而AMF介导生长和耐盐碱的关键基因及代谢途径仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们采用多组学和生理综合分析方法，探究正常和盐碱胁迫条件下AMF对燕麦的调控机制。结果表明，AMF共生在正常和盐碱胁迫条件下均显著促进了燕麦生长和生理表现。与正常条件下未接种组相比，AMF使株高和生物量分别增加了8.5%和15.3%。在盐碱胁迫下，AMF使SPAD值和相对含水量分别提高了16.7%和7.3%，MDA含量降低了35.8%，可溶性蛋白增加了21.8%，脯氨酸降低了13.3%。此外，抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶）分别提高了18.4%、18.2%和14.8%。转录组分析显示，盐碱胁迫下AMF定殖诱导的差异表达基因数量约为非盐碱胁迫条件下的两倍。这些差异表达基因主要与环境信息处理、遗传信息处理和代谢过程相关。代谢组分析表明，各处理共鉴定出573种代谢物，主要包括脂质（29.3%）、有机化合物（36.8%）和次生代谢物（21.5%）。多组学综合分析表明，AMF通过增强苯丙烷生物合成和氨基酸代谢途径优化了能量利用和抗氧化防御。本研究为AMF如何增强燕麦生长和耐盐碱胁迫能力提供了新见解。
