Dehdari Behnam, Parsaei Rafat, Riazi Masoud, Niakousari Mehrdad
Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 1;14(1):29842. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81381-3.
The stability of foam during injection into oil reservoirs is critical, especially under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions. This study formulates foam stabilizers using one polymer, two surfactants, and six types of nanoparticles (NPs). Foam stability was assessed with a static setup, examining factors such as interfacial tension (IFT), bubble characteristics, and solution viscosity through dimensionless numbers: Bond number (Bo), Worthington number (We), and Neumann number (Ne). A new formula for dimensionless electrical conductivity was also introduced. Results showed that at optimal concentrations of the four additives, foam stability improved with NPs due to enhanced surface charge from in situ physiochemical reactions, promoting their migration to the fluid interface. Notably, Ne proved more effective than Bo and We in describing foam stability as it accounts for droplet height's impact on IFT. Acidic NPs demonstrated greater electrostatic force than amphoteric NPs, correlating with improved foam stability reflected in a downward trend in the Ne plot. Additionally, we analyzed the coarsening rate of foam bubbles over time and its relationship to stability. Our findings suggest that dimensionless numbers serve as valuable benchmarks for evaluating foam stability across various additive mechanisms.
在注入油藏过程中泡沫的稳定性至关重要，尤其是在高温和高盐条件下。本研究使用一种聚合物、两种表面活性剂和六种类型的纳米颗粒（NPs）配制泡沫稳定剂。通过静态装置评估泡沫稳定性，通过无量纲数：邦德数（Bo）、沃辛顿数（We）和诺伊曼数（Ne）来研究诸如界面张力（IFT）、气泡特性和溶液粘度等因素。还引入了无量纲电导率的新公式。结果表明，在四种添加剂的最佳浓度下，由于原位物理化学反应增强了表面电荷，纳米颗粒促进了它们向流体界面的迁移，从而提高了泡沫稳定性。值得注意的是，诺伊曼数（Ne）在描述泡沫稳定性方面比邦德数（Bo）和沃辛顿数（We）更有效，因为它考虑了液滴高度对界面张力的影响。酸性纳米颗粒表现出比两性纳米颗粒更大的静电力，这与诺伊曼数（Ne）图中向下趋势所反映的泡沫稳定性提高相关。此外，我们分析了泡沫气泡随时间的粗化速率及其与稳定性的关系。我们的研究结果表明，无量纲数是评估各种添加剂机制下泡沫稳定性的有价值基准。
