Du Dongxing, Zhang Xu, Yu Kequan, Song Xiakai, Shen Yinjie, Li Yingge, Wang Fei, Zhifeng Sun, Li Tao
Geo-Energy Research Institute, College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oil Field Branch of PetroChina, Karamay 834000, China.
ACS Omega. 2020 Feb 17;5(8):4014-4023. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03543. eCollection 2020 Mar 3.
Nanoparticle (NP)-stabilized foam technology has found potential applications in CO enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and greenhouse gas geological storage practices and accordingly attracts lots of research interest. To screen the optimal formula for the satisfactory foam performance, orthogonal experimental design (OED) is used in this paper for the complex multifactor multilevel system consisting of five influential factors of NP size, surfactant concentration, NP concentration, temperature, and salinity at four different levels in the range of 7-40 nm, 0-0.15 wt %, 0-0.2 wt %, 25-55 °C, and 0-3 wt %, respectively. Based on the orthogonal principle, only 16 experiments were performed to analyze the effect of various factors on the foam height and foam half-life properties. In addition to showing that the influence of the single factor on foam static properties, OED results reveal that the surfactant concentration and temperature are dominating factors on foamability and stability of the NP-stabilized CO foam, respectively. Finally, NP-stabilized CO foam with satisfactory static characteristics is obtained with the OED recommended composition of a 0.15 wt % surfactant concentration, 0.1 wt % NP concentration, and NP size of 7 nm in 1 wt % saline solution at temperatures of 30 and 50 °C, validating that the OED method could substantially facilitate the laboratory screening and optimization process for a successful NP-stabilized CO foam application.
纳米颗粒（NP）稳定泡沫技术在二氧化碳强化采油（EOR）和温室气体地质封存实践中已发现潜在应用，因此吸引了大量研究兴趣。为筛选出具有令人满意泡沫性能的最佳配方，本文针对由NP尺寸、表面活性剂浓度、NP浓度、温度和盐度五个影响因素组成的复杂多因素多水平系统，采用正交试验设计（OED），这五个因素的四个不同水平范围分别为7 - 40纳米、0 - 0.15重量%、0 - 0.2重量%、25 - 55℃和0 - 3重量%。基于正交原理，仅进行了16次实验来分析各种因素对泡沫高度和泡沫半衰期性能的影响。除了表明单因素对泡沫静态性能的影响外，OED结果还揭示，表面活性剂浓度和温度分别是NP稳定CO₂泡沫起泡性和稳定性的主导因素。最后，通过OED推荐的配方，即在1重量%盐溶液中，表面活性剂浓度为0.15重量%、NP浓度为0.1重量%且NP尺寸为7纳米，在30℃和50℃温度下获得了具有令人满意静态特性的NP稳定CO₂泡沫，验证了OED方法能够极大地促进NP稳定CO₂泡沫成功应用的实验室筛选和优化过程。
