Ko Hsiu-Jung, Chen Shu-Ming, Yang Cheng-San
MSN, RN, Nurse Practitioners, Department of Plastic Surgical, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
PhD, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Taiwan, ROC.
Hu Li Za Zhi. 2024 Dec;71(6):59-71. doi: 10.6224/JN.202412_71(6).08.
Foot complications, common among diabetic patients, often lead to amputation and increased dependence on daily living assistance. Effective and sustained intervention programs are important challenges that nursing staff must address.
This study was designed to explore the effectiveness of a digital multimedia foot ulcer care program on the foot health beliefs and self-care behaviors of diabetic patients.
An experimental research design was adopted, with a total of 62 patients with type 2 diabetes in the plastic surgery ward of a regional hospital in southern Taiwan enrolled as participants. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 31), which received a digital multimedia foot ulcer care program via mobile phones or tablets for eight weeks, or the control group (n = 31), which received conventional diabetic foot care education leaflets. The research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Health Belief Scale, and the Diabetic Foot Care Behavior Scale. Data were collected at baseline, four weeks, and eight weeks, and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0.
The study was completed with 30 participants in both groups. The experimental group showed significantly greater improvements in health beliefs at the fourth and eighth weeks post-assessment than the control group, with increases of 3.77 and 5.13, respectively (p = .03, p = .02). These improvements were statistically significant and exceeded baseline values significantly (p < .05). In terms of self-care behaviors, improvements in the experimental group exceeded those in the control group by 2.27 and 1.83, respectively, at four and eight weeks (p = .03, p = .05). Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited superior changes in scores compared to the control group.
CONCLUSIONS / IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The digital multimedia foot ulcer care program implemented in this study significantly enhanced health beliefs and self-care behaviors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. This program may be employed during hospitalization and post-discharge to improve foot ulcer care techniques and reduce diabetic foot ulcer deterioration.
足部并发症在糖尿病患者中很常见，常导致截肢以及对日常生活协助的依赖增加。有效且持续的干预项目是护理人员必须应对的重要挑战。
本研究旨在探讨数字多媒体足部溃疡护理项目对糖尿病患者足部健康信念和自我护理行为的效果。
采用实验性研究设计，台湾南部一家地区医院整形外科病房的62例2型糖尿病患者作为参与者。参与者被随机分为实验组（n = 31），通过手机或平板电脑接受为期八周的数字多媒体足部溃疡护理项目，以及对照组（n = 31），接受传统糖尿病足护理教育传单。研究工具包括一份人口统计学问卷、糖尿病足部溃疡健康信念量表和糖尿病足部护理行为量表。在基线、四周和八周时收集数据，并使用SPSS 22.0进行分析。
两组均有30名参与者完成研究。实验组在评估后第四周和第八周的健康信念改善程度显著大于对照组，分别增加了3.77和5.13（p = 0.03，p = 0.02）。这些改善具有统计学意义，且显著超过基线值（p < 0.05）。在自我护理行为方面，实验组在四周和八周时的改善分别比对照组超出2.27和1.83（p = 0.03，p = 0.05）。此外，实验组的得分变化优于对照组。
结论/对实践的启示：本研究实施的数字多媒体足部溃疡护理项目显著增强了糖尿病足部溃疡患者的健康信念和自我护理行为。该项目可在住院期间和出院后采用，以改善足部溃疡护理技术并减少糖尿病足部溃疡恶化。
