Jorge Jorge, Cymbron Filipe, da Silva Pedro Honório, Almeida Couto Pedro
Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Laboratory (CEORLab), Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Medical Department, Portuguese Esports Federation, Lisboa, Portugal.
Clin Exp Optom. 2024 Dec 2:1-6. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2024.2430637.
Assessing visual and cognitive performance in athletes is important for optimising training strategies and preventing visual strain in both esports and traditional sports.
This study compared visual acuity, refractive error, binocular functions, and cognitive perception measures between esports and soccer players to optimise visual performance strategies.
Twenty-eight male esports athletes and 38 male soccer players were assessed. Visual acuity was measured using an ETDRS chart, and refractive error was assessed with retinoscopy. Phoria was evaluated with the Modified Thorington Technique at distance and near. Fusional vergence ranges and vergence facility were measured using prism bars and a prism flipper. Monocular accommodative facility at near was tested with ± 2.00D flipper lenses. Stereopsis was assessed using the Randot Stereo Test. Perception span, multiple object tracking, and visual reaction time, were evaluated using the Senaptec Sensory Station.
Soccer players had significantly better visual acuity than esports athletes. For the right eye, the soccer group had an average decimal visual acuity of 1.1 ± 0.2 compared to 0.9 ± 0.1 in the esports group ( < 0.001). Refractive error analysis showed that esports athletes had more myopia ( =-0.67 ± 1.70D) and higher astigmatism (J0 = 0.47 ± 0.53D) than soccer players ( = 0.6 ± 1.06D, J0 = 0.09 ± 0.43D; < 0.001). Soccer players demonstrated better negative fusional vergence at distance ( = 0.049) and superior near-accommodative facility (12.4 ± 4.2 cpm vs. 9.4 ± 5.2 cpm; = 0.025). Soccer players also outperformed esports athletes in multiple object tracking (1811.3 ± 391.3 vs. 1523.4 ± 528.7; = 0.013). No significant differences were observed in stereopsis or other binocular vision parameters.
Soccer players showed superior visual acuity and performance in tasks such as negative fusional vergence and near-accommodative facility compared to esports players. Esports athletes had more myopia and astigmatism, indicating a need for targeted visual interventions.
评估运动员的视觉和认知表现对于优化训练策略以及预防电子竞技和传统体育项目中的视觉疲劳至关重要。
本研究比较了电子竞技运动员和足球运动员的视力、屈光不正、双眼功能和认知感知指标，以优化视觉表现策略。
对28名男性电子竞技运动员和38名男性足球运动员进行了评估。使用ETDRS视力表测量视力，用检眼镜检查屈光不正。采用改良的索林顿技术评估远距离和近距离的隐斜视。使用棱镜棒和棱镜翻转器测量融合性聚散范围和聚散灵活度。使用±2.00D翻转透镜测试近距离单眼调节灵活度。使用兰多立体视觉测试评估立体视觉。使用森纳普泰克感官工作站评估感知跨度、多目标跟踪和视觉反应时间。
足球运动员的视力明显优于电子竞技运动员。右眼方面，足球组的平均小数视力为1.1±0.2，而电子竞技组为0.9±0.1（<0.001）。屈光不正分析表明，电子竞技运动员比足球运动员有更多的近视（=-0.67±1.70D）和更高的散光（J0=0.47±0.53D）（=0.6±1.06D，J0=0.09±0.43D；<0.001）。足球运动员在远距离的负融合性聚散方面表现更好（=0.049），近距离调节灵活度也更优（12.4±4.2次/分钟对9.4±5.2次/分钟；=0.025）。足球运动员在多目标跟踪方面也优于电子竞技运动员（1811.3±391.3对1523.4±528.7；=0.013）。在立体视觉或其他双眼视觉参数方面未观察到显著差异。
与电子竞技运动员相比，足球运动员在负融合性聚散和近距离调节灵活度等任务中表现出更好的视力和表现。电子竞技运动员有更多的近视和散光，这表明需要有针对性的视觉干预。
