Koppolu Shanmukha, Mittal Gaurav, Pascal Shoraf, Variya Takodara Yash, Singh Amit Ajay
Trauma and Orthopaedics, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, GBR.
Internal Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 31;16(10):e72767. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72767. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant concern in surgical practice, contributing to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and healthcare costs. Understanding SSIs' incidence and risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to identify the various risk factors contributing to SSIs in a tertiary hospital, with the goal of informing better clinical practices and preventive measures. Methodology This hospital-based, prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Kanchipuram District, Chennai, India. Ethical approval was obtained, and patients aged 18 to 70 years who underwent non-traumatic exploratory laparotomy and developed SSIs were included. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Wound infections were diagnosed based on established clinical criteria, and microbiological analyses were performed on wound swabs. Results Out of 100 patients, 60 (60%) developed superficial SSIs, 30 (30%) had deep infections, and 10 (10%) experienced organ/space infections. Significant risk factors identified included prolonged surgical duration (55 patients, 55% affected), pre-existing diabetes (40 patients, 40%), and inadequate prophylactic antibiotic use (20 patients, 20%). The study reported an overall recovery rate of 95% among those treated for SSIs. Conclusion The study emphasizes the multifactorial etiology of SSIs, which leads to improved outcomes linked to SSIs, expanding preoperative assessment and suitable preventative measures before surgery, such as antibiotic prophylaxis.
背景 手术部位感染（SSIs）是外科手术实践中的一个重大问题，会导致发病率增加、住院时间延长和医疗成本上升。了解SSIs的发生率和危险因素对于改善患者预后至关重要。本研究旨在确定一家三级医院中导致SSIs的各种危险因素，以期为更好的临床实践和预防措施提供依据。方法 这项基于医院的前瞻性观察性研究在印度钦奈坎奇普尔姆区马德哈医学院和研究所的普通外科进行。获得了伦理批准，纳入了年龄在18至70岁之间、接受非创伤性探查性剖腹手术并发生SSIs的患者。收集了社会人口学特征、合并症、手术细节和术后结果的数据。根据既定的临床标准诊断伤口感染，并对伤口拭子进行微生物分析。结果 在100例患者中，60例（6个0%）发生了浅表SSIs，30例（30%）发生了深部感染，10例（10%）发生了器官/腔隙感染。确定的重要危险因素包括手术时间延长（55例患者，55%受影响）、既往糖尿病（40例患者，40%）和预防性抗生素使用不足（20例患者，20%）。该研究报告称，接受SSIs治疗的患者总体恢复率为95%。结论 该研究强调了SSIs的多因素病因，这导致与SSIs相关的预后得到改善，扩大了术前评估并在手术前采取了适当的预防措施，如抗生素预防。
