半城市人口中高血压的患病率及决定因素：喀麦隆西部地区德尚的一项横断面研究

Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in a semi-urban population: a cross-sectional study in Dschang (West Region of Cameroon).

作者信息

Njonnou Sylvain Raoul Simeni, Bangbang Cédric Fritz Gerald Eyenga, Ouankou Christian Ngongang, Lekpa Fernando Kemta, Ngako Christian Deube, Mfeukeu-Kuate Liliane, Essomba Marie-Josiane Ntsama, Salam Hamadama Abdoul, Tchounchui Herna Stella Chimy, Mapa-Tassou Clarisse, Timnou Aimée Tiodoung, Choukem Siméon Pierre

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.

Dschang Regional Hospital Annex, Dschang, Cameroon.

出版信息

Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Aug 6;48:157. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.157.43781. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.11604/pamj.2024.48.157.43781

PMID:39619407

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11606722/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

hypertension is a major public health problem worldwide, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Although the national prevalence of hypertension is well established, its prevalence in semi-urban areas is poorly known. This study aimed to establish the prevalence and determinants of hypertension in a semi-urban area.

METHODS

we conducted a cross-sectional community study in the adult population of the Dschang Health District from February to May 2022. Consent to participate was obtained and data was collected through a face-to-face interview using a predesigned questionnaire. Collected variables included sociodemographic characteristics, previous education on weight loss, salt, alcohol, and tobacco consumption, and blood pressure level after 45 min of rest.

RESULTS

we recruited 706 participants with a mean age of 53.11 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 57.6%, with 13.02% for grade 1; 64.87% for grade 2 hypertension, and 22.11% for grade 3. The determinants significantly associated with hypertension in multivariate analysis were: age over 40 years (aOR: 3.23, 95% CI 1.91 - 5.47; p<0.001), being a civil servant (aOR: 4.82, 95% CI 2.44 - 9.54; p<0.001), being unemployed (aOR: 2.95, 95% CI 1.32 - 6.57; p =0.008), tobacco consumption (aOR: 1.93, 95% CI 1.49 - 2.38; p <0.001), hypertension among siblings (aOR: 4.56, 95% CI 1.30 - 15.95; p =0.017), diabetes mellitus (aOR: 3.09, 95% CI 1.61 - 5.94; p <0.001), obesity (aOR: 2.8, 95 CI 1.10 - 7.74; p<0.001), previous therapeutic education (over salt consumption: [aOR: 1.7 95% CI 1.08 - 2.67; p<0.001], alcohol consumption: [aOR: 2.12, 95% CI 1.24 - 3.61; p<0.04] and weight loss [aOR: 2.51, 95% CI 1.76 - 3.57; p<0.001]), presence of palpitations (aOR: 22.63, 95% CI 1.83 - 278.6; p=0.015) and reduced vision (aOR: 1.97, 95% CI 1.08 - 3.6; p=0.026).

CONCLUSION

a high prevalence of hypertension was found in the Dschang Health District. Sociodemographic characteristics, family and personal history and some clinical manifestations were associated with hypertension. There is a need to implement hypertension prevention strategies in semi-urban settings.

摘要

引言

高血压是全球主要的公共卫生问题，与相当高的发病率和死亡率相关。尽管全国高血压患病率已得到充分证实，但其在半城市地区的患病率却鲜为人知。本研究旨在确定半城市地区高血压的患病率及其决定因素。

方法

我们于2022年2月至5月在德尚健康区的成年人群中开展了一项横断面社区研究。获得了参与同意，并通过使用预先设计的问卷进行面对面访谈收集数据。收集的变量包括社会人口学特征、先前关于减肥、盐、酒精和烟草消费的教育情况，以及休息45分钟后的血压水平。

结果

我们招募了706名参与者，平均年龄为53.11岁。高血压患病率为57.6%，其中1级高血压为13.02%；2级高血压为64.87%，3级高血压为22.11%。多变量分析中与高血压显著相关的决定因素为：40岁以上（调整后比值比：3.23，95%置信区间1.91 - 5.47；p<0.001），公务员（调整后比值比：4.82，95%置信区间2.44 - 9.54；p<0.001），失业（调整后比值比：2.95，95%置信区间1.32 - 6.57；p =0.008），烟草消费（调整后比值比：1.93，95%置信区间1.49 - 2.38；p <0.001），兄弟姐妹中有高血压（调整后比值比：4.56，95%置信区间1.30 - 15.95；p =0.017），糖尿病（调整后比值比：3.09，95%置信区间1.61 - 5.94；p <0.001），肥胖（调整后比值比：2.8，95%置信区间1.10 - 7.74；p<0.001），先前的治疗教育（关于盐摄入：[调整后比值比：1.7，95%置信区间1.08 - 2.67；p<0.001]，酒精消费：[调整后比值比：2.12，95%置信区间1.24 - 3.61；p<0.04]和减肥[调整后比值比：2.51，95%置信区间1.76 - 3.57；p<0.001]），心悸（调整后比值比：22.63，95%置信区间1.83 - 278.6；p=0.015）和视力下降（调整后比值比：1.97，95%置信区间1.08 - 3.6；p=0.026）。