Wang Yihui, Chen Yuan, Prijic Zeljana, Markovic Tatjana, Lyu Yingmin, Tian Caihuan, Zhang Xiuxin
Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China), Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Nov 15;15:1413707. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1413707. eCollection 2024.
Ecological changes have been observed to promote rates of lineage diversification, yet the precise roles of ecological factors, species evolution, and environmental variability in driving species diversity remain research hot spots. The association between ecological change and lineage diversification, particularly with regard to the size of the time scale, remains poorly understood. To explore whether ecological change facilitates species evolution, we focused on the unique family Paeoniaceae, which encompasses both herbaceous and woody taxa, to investigate the evolutionary rates. As a unique family characterized by a single genus of angiosperms and comprising various climatic types, the ecological niche changes of are closely associated with the evolution, making it an ideal model for conducting association analysis. In this study, we integrated the molecular fragments and ecological factors to explore the relationship between species evolution and niche changes in Paeoniaceae. The phylogenetic tree revealed that Paeoniaceae forms a sister relationship with , , , , and , constituting an independent clade based on the positive selection of molecular fragments including two protein-coding genes and eight non-coding regions. The divergence time was estimated to be between 102 and 116 Mya (Million years ago). The phylogenetic tree within revealed a clear division into three groups: sections of , , and with high support values for each branch based on the ten positive selection of molecular fragments. The rapid rate of evolution observed in , about 0-5 Mya. In addition, ecological niche modeling showed that the potential distributions for expanded from middle Asia to eastern Asia, and from central North America to the Northern part of North America during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to Mid Holocene (MID) period. This suggests that continuously adapted to changing ecological environments over time. Compared to the rate of climatic niche divergence and lineage diversification, the ecological niche of underwent significant changes during the period of 3-11 Mya, occurring 5 Mya earlier than the period of evolutionary rate change. These findings offer comprehensive insights into the relationship between niche change and the evolution of species, providing valuable perspectives for further ecological cultivation efforts.
已观察到生态变化会促进谱系多样化速率，然而生态因素、物种进化和环境变异性在推动物种多样性方面的确切作用仍是研究热点。生态变化与谱系多样化之间的关联，尤其是在时间尺度大小方面，仍知之甚少。为探究生态变化是否促进物种进化，我们聚焦于独特的芍药科，该科包含草本和木本分类群，以研究其进化速率。作为一个以被子植物单一属为特征且包含多种气候类型的独特科，芍药科的生态位变化与进化密切相关，使其成为进行关联分析的理想模型。在本研究中，我们整合分子片段和生态因素，以探索芍药科物种进化与生态位变化之间的关系。系统发育树显示，芍药科与[其他物种名称]形成姐妹关系，基于包括两个蛋白质编码基因和八个非编码区域在内的分子片段的正选择，构成一个独立分支。分歧时间估计在1.02亿至1.16亿年前（百万年前）。[芍药科内某属名称]的系统发育树显示明显分为三组：[三个组的名称]组，基于分子片段的十次正选择，每个分支具有较高的支持值。在[某组名称]中观察到快速进化速率，约在0至5百万年前。此外，生态位建模表明，在末次盛冰期（LGM）至中全新世（MID）期间，[芍药科某属名称]的潜在分布从中亚扩展到东亚，从北美中部扩展到北美北部。这表明[芍药科某属名称]随时间不断适应变化的生态环境。与气候生态位分歧和谱系多样化速率相比，[芍药科某属名称]的生态位在3至11百万年前期间发生重大变化，比进化速率变化时期早5百万年。这些发现为生态位变化与物种进化之间的关系提供了全面见解，为进一步的生态栽培努力提供了有价值的视角。
