Sammut Lara, Bezzina Paul, Gibbs Vivien, Baron Yves Muscat, Agius Jean Calleja
Department of Radiography, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Malta.
Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2024 Nov 12;24:100353. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100353. eCollection 2024 Dec.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Malta to assess the prevalence of threatened miscarriage. The study focuses on cases managed at a local state hospital over a 12-month period. Currently, data on pregnancies prior to 22 weeks' gestation are not publicly available, which hampers understanding of the frequency and impact of threatened miscarriage. This research provides the basis for a potential prospective study which analysis the epidemiology and outcomes of threatened miscarriage and advocates for early intervention and appropriate patient counselling. The study included females who visited the Accident and Emergency Department in a local state hospital in 2019 with first trimester vaginal bleeding. It excluded patients with incomplete medical records. Data from various hospital departments were collected, anonymised and analysed to track outcomes such as miscarriage, ongoing pregnancy, ectopic or molar pregnancy. The research aimed to create a comprehensive local registry of pregnancy outcomes following threatened miscarriage, reflecting the national situation. In 2019, 711 pregnant women in Malta experienced first-trimester vaginal bleeding. Of these, 241 had successful births beyond 22 weeks' gestation, while 412 experienced miscarriages, with other outcomes including ectopic and molar pregnancies and 58 women had an unknown pregnancy outcome. A significant association was found between maternal age and risk of miscarriage, particularly higher for women aged 35-46 and those under 19. Birthweight data revealed that threatened miscarriage complications likely led to low birthweights in a significant proportion of newborns. This study analysed pregnancy outcomes which were preceded by first trimester vaginal bleeding in pregnant women in Malta. Establishing a local register of pregnancy outcomes following first trimester vaginal bleeding provides clinicians with enhanced insights into the current local context. This resource may improve patient counselling and informed policy decisions and lay the groundwork for future research in the field.
在马耳他进行了一项回顾性队列研究，以评估先兆流产的患病率。该研究聚焦于当地一家国立医院在12个月期间所处理的病例。目前，妊娠22周之前的怀孕数据并未公开，这妨碍了对先兆流产的发生率和影响的了解。本研究为一项潜在的前瞻性研究提供了基础，该前瞻性研究将分析先兆流产的流行病学和结局，并倡导早期干预和对患者进行适当的咨询。该研究纳入了2019年因孕早期阴道出血前往当地一家国立医院急诊科就诊的女性。研究排除了病历不完整的患者。收集了来自医院各个科室的数据，进行匿名化处理并加以分析，以追踪诸如流产、持续妊娠、异位妊娠或葡萄胎妊娠等结局。该研究旨在创建一个全面的当地先兆流产后妊娠结局登记册，以反映全国情况。2019年，马耳他有711名孕妇经历了孕早期阴道出血。其中，241人成功分娩至妊娠22周以后，412人发生流产，其他结局包括异位妊娠和葡萄胎妊娠，另有58名女性的妊娠结局不明。研究发现母亲年龄与流产风险之间存在显著关联，尤其是35 - 46岁的女性以及19岁以下的女性流产风险更高。出生体重数据显示，先兆流产并发症很可能导致相当比例的新生儿出生体重偏低。本研究分析了马耳他孕妇孕早期阴道出血后的妊娠结局。建立孕早期阴道出血后妊娠结局的当地登记册，能让临床医生更好地了解当前当地情况。这一资源可能会改善对患者的咨询服务以及做出明智的政策决策，并为该领域的未来研究奠定基础。
