Dabirzadeh Mansour, Rahim Saeid, Beheshtizadeh Mohammadreza, Azizi Hakim, Fooladi Bahman
Department of Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Genetic, Group of molecular biology, Azma Elixir Pajooh Co, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2024 Nov;53(11):2582-2594. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v53i11.16962.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most common parasitic diseases in many regions of Iran. It has a major role in deprived societies. We aimed to identify species based on molecular as ITS1-rDNA-PCR internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region, microscopy, and culture techniques in diagnosing cutaneous leishmaniasis.
From April 2018 to May 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 32 patients with suspected CL lesions in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, located in southeast Iran. Samples were subjected to microscopic examination, culture, and PCR amplification targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 () region. DNA sequencing was performed on PCR-positive samples for species identification and phylogenetic analysis.
PCR demonstrated superior sensitivity (93.75%, 30/32) compared to culture (56.25%, 18/32) and microscopic examination (53.1%, 17/32). Molecular analysis revealed that was the predominant causative agent of CL in the study area, with occurring less frequently. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1 region showed high intraspecies similarity among isolates, while isolates exhibited greater genetic diversity.
This study shows the co-existence of and in Mirjaveh, southeast Iran, with as the primary cause. While isolates displayed high genetic similarity, samples were more diverse, indicating different epidemiological patterns. These findings highlight the importance of molecular methods for accurately identifying species and understanding CL epidemiology in the region.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）是伊朗许多地区最常见的寄生虫病之一。它在贫困社会中起着重要作用。我们旨在基于分子方法（如ITS1-rDNA-PCR内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）区域）、显微镜检查和培养技术来鉴定皮肤利什曼病的病原体种类。
2018年4月至2020年5月，我们在伊朗东南部锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省对32例疑似CL病变患者进行了一项横断面研究。对样本进行显微镜检查、培养以及针对内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）区域的PCR扩增。对PCR阳性样本进行DNA测序以进行病原体种类鉴定和系统发育分析。
与培养法（56.25%，18/32）和显微镜检查法（53.1%，17/32）相比，PCR显示出更高的敏感性（93.75%，30/32）。分子分析表明，在研究区域CL的主要病原体是，较少见。ITS1区域的测序和系统发育分析显示分离株之间种内相似性高，而分离株表现出更大的遗传多样性。
本研究表明伊朗东南部米尔贾韦存在和共存的情况，其中是主要病因。虽然分离株显示出高遗传相似性，但样本更多样化，表明存在不同的流行病学模式。这些发现突出了分子方法在准确鉴定病原体种类和了解该地区CL流行病学方面的重要性。
