Argante Lorenzo, Prunas Ottavia, Medini Duccio, Ypma Ellen
GSK, Siena, Italy.
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Dec 2;9(1):239. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-01025-5.
The efficacy of the four-component 4CMenB vaccine is measured through the serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay on four meningococcal B (MenB) indicator strains. However, they are not epidemiologically relevant for disease, thus the real-world persistence of 4CMenB protection remains uncertain. Several mathematical models of waning immunity were fitted on longitudinal SBA data from persistence studies in adolescents, with up to eight years follow-up after 4CMenB priming vaccination. The best model was used to predict protection from indicator strains. MenB typing data from the United States were used to integrate antigen-level curves and predict the persistence of protection from real-world MenB strains, considering synergies between antigens. Models show that protection and its evolution varied by antigen and that 4CMenB likely elicits antibody-producing long-lived plasma cells. 4CMenB protection from real-world MenB disease persisted at 61.5% four years post-priming and 70.5% four years post-booster. This evidence could support decision-making on adolescent immunization programs.
四价B群脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗（4CMenB）的效力通过针对四种B群脑膜炎球菌（MenB）指示菌株的血清杀菌抗体（SBA）测定来衡量。然而，它们与疾病的流行病学关联不大，因此4CMenB保护在现实世界中的持久性仍不确定。在青少年持续性研究的纵向SBA数据上拟合了几种免疫衰退的数学模型，在4CMenB初免接种后进行了长达八年的随访。最佳模型用于预测对指示菌株的保护作用。利用来自美国的MenB分型数据整合抗原水平曲线，并考虑抗原之间的协同作用，预测对现实世界中MenB菌株的保护持久性。模型表明，保护作用及其演变因抗原而异，并且4CMenB可能会诱导产生抗体的长寿浆细胞。在初免后四年，4CMenB对现实世界中MenB疾病的保护率持续保持在61.5%，在加强免疫后四年为70.5%。这一证据可为青少年免疫规划的决策提供支持。
