Rodriguez-Moreno Sara, Rojas Blanca, Roca Pablo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Villanueva, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 2;14(1):29945. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81557-x.
Medical practice exposes physicians to numerous stressors, leading to high rates of psychological distress and burnout, a problem that begins during medical school. Scientific evidence suggests that promoting compassion among physicians could improve their well-being and promote patient-centered care. However, the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the mediators and moderators of changes in psychological distress and well-being following Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT) among medical students. A randomized controlled trial with 40 medical students assigned to an 8-week CCT program or a waitlist control group was conducted. Participants were assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and a 2-month follow-up on measures of psychological distress, well-being, mindfulness, compassion, emotion regulation, and burnout. Results indicated that CCT led to significant reductions in stress and anxiety immediately after the program, mediated by improvements in emotion regulation and mindfulness skills. Gender moderated changes in stress, anxiety, depression, and well-being at post-intervention, with women benefiting more than men, though these differences were not sustained at follow-up. In conclusion, this study contributes to the growing body of literature on the benefits of compassion training in healthcare and provides insights into the mechanisms through which compassion could support physicians and medical students.
医疗实践使医生面临众多压力源，导致心理困扰和职业倦怠发生率很高，这个问题在医学院期间就开始出现。科学证据表明，培养医生的同情心可以改善他们的幸福感，并促进以患者为中心的医疗服务。然而，这些益处背后的机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨医学生在接受慈悲心培养训练（CCT）后心理困扰和幸福感变化的中介因素和调节因素。进行了一项随机对照试验，将40名医学生分为一个为期8周的CCT项目组或一个候补对照组。在干预前、干预后和2个月随访时，对参与者进行心理困扰、幸福感、正念、同情心、情绪调节和职业倦怠等方面的评估。结果表明，CCT在项目结束后立即导致压力和焦虑显著降低，这是通过情绪调节和正念技能的改善介导的。性别在干预后对压力、焦虑、抑郁和幸福感的变化有调节作用，女性比男性受益更多，不过这些差异在随访时没有持续存在。总之，本研究为医疗保健领域中关于慈悲心训练益处的文献不断增加做出了贡献，并深入探讨了同情心支持医生和医学生的机制。
